Tutorial on how to install and use Ceph distributed software under Linux

Preface
1. Basic Environment

1. Service distribution
2. Network configuration (all nodes)
3. SSH password-free access (all nodes)

2. Installation

1. Format the newly mounted hard disk as the storage for osd (this must be done for all osd nodes)
2. Install the ceph-deploy management tool on the management node node1
3. Install ceph on all hosts
4. Install Monitor on the management node
5. Create osd
6. Activate osd
7. Deploy mds

Preface

What kind of storage is better for k8s cluster? I have researched the distributed storage ceph and would like to share it with you here.

1. Basic Environment

1. Service distribution

Node1: admin, osd, mon
Node2: osd, mds, client

2. Network configuration (all nodes)

Modify the host name. Remember that the host name cannot have underscores. Modify the host name (/etc/hostname):
hostnamectl set-hostname node1
hostnamectl set-hostname node2

Modify /etc/hosts Add vim /etc/hosts
192.168.84.131 node1
192.168.84.132 node2

3. SSH password-free access (all nodes)

ssh-keygen 
ssh-copy-id -i id_rsa.pub [email protected]

2. Installation

1. Format the newly mounted hard disk as the storage for osd (this must be done for all osd nodes)

mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb
blkid /dev/sdb
mkdir -p /data/osd
vim /etc/fstab 
UUID="57493ebb-6744-4355-a7f6-ec7538b4b65e" /data/osd xfs defaults 0 0
mount -a

2. Install the ceph-deploy management tool on the management node node1

(1) Configure the yum source

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/ceph.repo
[ceph]
name=ceph
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/rpm-jewel/el7/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
priority=1
 
[ceph-noarch]
name=cephnoarch
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/rpm-jewel/el7/noarch/
gpgcheck=0
priority=1
 
[ceph-source]
name=Ceph source packages
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/rpm-jewel/el7/SRPMS
gpgcheck=0
priority=1

#Clear yum cache, reload yum clean all
yum makecache

(2) Install the ceph-deploy management tool

yum -y install ceph-deploy

(3) Create a Monitor service

mkdir /data/ceph
cd /data/ceph/
ceph-deploy new node1

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ceph.conf ceph configuration file ceph-deploy-ceph.log ceph log ceph.mon.keyring ceph monitor key ring file #If you want to change the number of daemons, that is, the number of copies, you can add the following line to the ceph.conf configuration file osd_pool_default_size = 1 ##Number of copies

3. Install ceph on all hosts

ceph-deploy install node1 node2

#The above command is to download and install from the official server. It is quite slow and is generally not used this way. Previously, the management node node1 was configured with the Alibaba Cloud source of Ceph, which can be directly installed using yum. However, the host node2 needs to configure the yum source first and then install it.

yum -y install epel-release
yum -y install ceph-release
yum -y install ceph ceph-radosgw

4. Install Monitor on the management node

cd /data/ceph/
ceph-deploy mon create node1
ceph-deploy gatherkeys node1

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5. Create osd

#The osd directory has been created and mounted before, so here we only need to create the osd node.
ceph-deploy osd prepare node1:/data/osd node2:/data/osd

You can see on different hosts that the corresponding nodes will generate files

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6. Activate osd

#Activate the osd of each node on the management node node1
ceph-deploy osd activate node1:/data/osd node2:/data/osd

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#The above picture clearly shows that the reason is insufficient permissions, directly authorize 777
chmod 777 -R /data/osd/

#Re-activate ceph-deploy osd activate node1:/data/osd node2:/data/osd

After activation is complete, you can use the command to view osd

ceph-deploy osd list node1 #You can also view multiple nodes, separated by spaces

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#Use the command to synchronize the configuration file and admin key to each node so that each node does not need to specify the Monitor address and ceph.client.admin.keyring key when using the ceph command. Note: You also need to modify the permissions of the ceph.client.admin.keyring key of each node ceph-deploy admin node1 node2
node1:
cd /data/ceph
chmod +r ceph.client.admin.keyring

node2:
cd /etc/ceph
chmod +r ceph.client.admin.keyring

Finally check the osd status:
ceph health

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7. Deploy mds

ceph-deploy mds create node2
ceph mds stat

Check the cluster status:
ceph -s

Conclusion

I forgot to take a screenshot of the cluster status at that time. Execute the ceph -s command. As long as you see the words "HEALTH_OK", the cluster is deployed successfully.

This is the end of this article about the tutorial on the distributed installation and use of Ceph under Linux. For more relevant Linux Ceph installation content, please search for previous articles on 123WORDPRESS.COM or continue to browse the following related articles. I hope everyone will support 123WORDPRESS.COM in the future!

You may also be interested in:

Tutorial on installing Ceph distributed storage with yum under Centos7
Example analysis of installing ceph (JEWEL) and above versions in Centos7.0
Detailed explanation of using RadosGW object storage in ceph cluster

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Table of contents

Preface

1. Basic Environment

1. Service distribution

2. Network configuration (all nodes)

3. SSH password-free access (all nodes)

2. Installation

1. Format the newly mounted hard disk as the storage for osd (this must be done for all osd nodes)

2. Install the ceph-deploy management tool on the management node node1

3. Install ceph on all hosts

4. Install Monitor on the management node

5. Create osd

6. Activate osd

7. Deploy mds

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