Linux common text processing commands and vim text editor

Today, let's introduce several common text processing commands and vim text editor

day3--Common text processing commands and vim text editor

col, used to filter control characters, -b filters out all control characters. This command is not commonly used, but you can use man command name | col -b >help.txt

Export a help document. | is a pipe character, which is used to send the previous execution result to the next one through a "pipe"

man ls | col -b > ls_help #Export the help document of ls command

The cut command cuts bytes from each line and writes them to standard output.

cut -b #Split by byte cut -b "1,3" #Output the first and third bytes cut -c #Split by character cut -d #Define the delimiter, need to be used with -f cut -f #Use with -d to output fields cut -output-delimiter='delimiter' #Replace the delimiter with your own delimiter

wc statistics command

wc -c #Display the number of bytes wc -l #Display the line number wc -w #Display the number of words

Exercise: Use the pipe character wc command and the cut command to count the number of characters in a file and print it to the screen

echo command, output

echo -n # output without line break

head -n, view the first n lines of a file, the default is 10 lines

tail -n, view the last n lines of a file, the default is 10 lines

Exercise: Use head and tail with the pipe character to output the last 10 to 15 lines of /var/log/message

cat View file information

more displays file information page by page. The space key is the next page, and the b key will go back one page.

less, use less to browse files at will

sort

sort -b #ignore spaces at the beginning of each line sort -c #check if the files are sorted in order sort -f #treat lowercase letters as uppercase letters sort -o output file #store the results into a specified file sort -r #sort in reverse order sort -n #sort by numerical value sort -t delimiter #specify delimiter

Example:

uniq removes duplicate lines

Example: (The number in front indicates how many times it appears)

When the duplicate lines are not adjacent, uniq does not work, so you need to use sort to remove the duplicate lines.

Exercise: Use uniq and sort to remove non-adjacent duplicate lines

The tr command replaces characters in standard input

echo "hello,fissure" | tr 'az' 'AZ' #Convert lowercase to uppercase

vim text editor

Vim is a convenient editor and a powerful tool for program development and script writing.

Vim is divided into three modes: command mode, input mode, bottom edge mode

The minimum installation does not have the vim package, we need to install

sudo apt-get install vim-gtk #Ubuntu
yum install vim -y #CentOS

After successful installation, we enter the command vim day03.txt

At this point we have entered command mode. In this state, you cannot enter input. You can pass commands to vim, a or i to switch to input mode

When we type the colon : in command mode, we enter the bottom edge mode. In bottom edge mode, q means exit the program, w means save the file, and wq means exit the program. Add an exclamation mark after the above commands! Enforcement on behalf of

Common shortcut keys in vim command mode

Ctrl+f Move the screen down one page

Ctrl+b Move the screen up one page

home or 0 moves to the first character of a line

end or $ Move to the last character of this line

G Move to the last line

gg Move to the first line

Number + G moves to the next line

Move the number down a few lines

/string Search string string

yy copy the current line

dd deletes the current line

u Undo the last action

p Paste from the next line

P Paste from the previous line

Summarize

The above is the introduction of Linux common text processing commands and vim text editor. I hope it will be helpful to you. If you have any questions, please leave me a message and I will reply to you in time. I would also like to thank everyone for their support of the 123WORDPRESS.COM website!
If you find this article helpful, please feel free to reprint it and please indicate the source. Thank you!