Detailed tutorial for installing MySQL on Linux

MySQL downloads for all platforms are available at MySQL Downloads. Select the version of MySQL Community Server that you need and the corresponding platform.

MySQL - The MySQL server. You need this option unless you only want to connect to a MySQL server running on another machine.
MySQL-client - MySQL client program, used to connect to and operate the Mysql server.
MySQL-devel - Libraries and include files. If you want to compile other MySQL clients, such as Perl modules, you need to install this RPM package.
MySQL-shared - This package contains the dynamically loaded shared libraries (libmysqlclient.so*) that some languages ​​and applications need to use MySQL.
MySQL-bench - Benchmark and performance testing tool for the MySQL database server

Installation steps:
The official website provides two installation packages for download, one is rpm and the other is tar. Both methods are available, please choose your own.

First, let's introduce the installation steps of the rpm package:
Transfer the downloaded file to the server and put it in a folder.
Enter the file and execute the following command:

[root@host]# rpm -i MySQL-5.0.9-0.i386.rpm

MySQL-5.0.9-0.i386.rpm is the name of the file you downloaded.

The above process of installing the MySQL server will create a MySQL user and a MySQL configuration file my.cnf.
You can find all MySQL-related binaries in /usr/bin and /usr/sbin. All tables and databases will be created in the /var/lib/mysql directory

Tar package installation process:
mysql download address

Go in and click community, then click MySQL Community Server
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As shown in the figure, position 1 is to select the previous version. Select the appropriate version according to your needs.
Position 2 is the Linux version under different systems. After selecting, drag the scroll bar to the bottom to download.

After downloading, transfer the tarball to the server.

1. Unzip

#Unzip tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.33-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
#Copy the unzipped mysql directory cp -r mysql-5.6.33-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

2. Add users and user groups

#Add user group groupadd mysql
#Add user mysql to user group mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql

3. Installation

cd /usr/local/mysql/ 
#Create data folder mkdir ./data/mysql
#Change file permissions chown -R mysql:mysql ./
#Install and specify the user and data folder location./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql
#Copy mysql to the service automatic startup cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
#Change the permissions to 755, that is, root can execute chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
#Copy the configuration file to etc, because the default startup first loads the configuration file from etc. cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

#Modify the startup script vi /etc/init.d/mysqld

#Modifications:
basedir=/usr/local/mysql/
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql

#Start the service service mysqld start

#Test connection ./mysql/bin/mysql -uroot

#Add environment variables and edit /etc/profile so that you can use mysql commands anywhere export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin


#Start mysql
service mysqld start
#Shut down mysql
service mysqld stop
#Restart mysql
service mysqld restart
#View the running status service mysqld status

4. Question
After the installation is complete, modify the root user password and perform related user configurations.

After completion, an error message is reported when using the tool to connect remotely. This is because the user permissions for the remote connection are not given.

Solution 1: Change the 'host' entry in the 'user' table of the 'mysql' database from 'localhost' to '%'.

use mysql;
select 'host' from user where user='root'; 
update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
flush privileges;

Solution 2: Direct authorization

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'youpassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;

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