Detailed explanation of docker nginx container startup and mounting to local

docker exec -it b511b6049f57 bash

root@b511b6049f57:/# ls
bin dev home lib64 mnt proc run srv tmp var
boot etc lib media opt root sbin sys usr

mkdir -p /home/test/nginx/{log,conf,html}
touch nginx.conf

user nginx;

worker_processes 1;

error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;


events {
  worker_connections 1024;
}


http {
  include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
  default_type application/octet-stream;

  log_format main '"$remote_addr" "$http_host" "[$time_local]" "$request" "$status" "$body_bytes_sent" '
          '"$bytes_sent" "$gzip_ratio" "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for" '
          '"$upstream_addr" "$upstream_response_time" "$request_time" "$request_body" "$http_authorization" ';
  access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;

  sendfile on;
  #tcp_nopush on;

  keepalive_timeout 65;

  #gzip on;

  include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

server {

  listen 80;
  server_name localhost;

  #charset koi8-r;
  access_log /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log main;

  location / {
    #root /data/nginx/html;
    root /usr/share/nginx/html;
    index index.html index.htm;
    #autoindex on;
  #try_files $uri /index/index/page.html;
    #try_files $uri /index/map/page.html;
  }

  #error_page 404 /404.html;

  # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
  #
  error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
  location = /50x.html {
    root /usr/share/nginx/html;
  }

  location ~ /images {
    default_type application/json;
    return 200 '{"code": "A000000", "message": "ok", "timestamp": "20180307184426", "data": {"isvip": "1", "monthProList": []}}';
  }

  # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
  #
  #location ~ \.php$ {
  # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
  #}

  # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
  #
  #location ~ \.php$ {
  #root html;
  # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
  # fastcgi_index index.php;
  # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
  #include fastcgi_params;
  #}

  # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
  # concurs with nginx's one
  #
  #location ~ /\.ht {
  # deny all;
  #}
}

docker run --name docker_nginx -d -p 80:80 \
-v /home/test/nginx/log:/var/log/nginx \
-v /home/test/nginx/conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d \
-v /home/test/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
-v /home/test/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html nginx

###
  The first -v: mount the log directory The second -v: mount the configuration directory The third -v: mount the main configuration file The fourth -v: mount the project directory

docker exec -it b511b6049f57 nginx -s reload