How to view and terminate running background programs in Linux

Linux task management - background running and termination

fg, bg, jobs, &, ctrl + z commands

one, &

Adding it to the end of a command can put the command into the background for execution, such as gftp &,

2. ctrl + z

You can put a command that is being executed in the foreground into the background and put it in a paused state, making it unexecutable.

Jobs

Check how many commands are currently running in the background

jobs

The -l option displays the PID of all jobs. The status of jobs can be running, stopped,

Terminated, but if the task is terminated (kill), the shell

Delete the process ID of the task from the list known to the current shell environment; that is, the jobs command displays the information of the background running or suspended tasks in the current shell environment;

4. fg

Bring the command in the background to the foreground to continue running

If there are multiple commands in the background, you can use fg %jobnumber to call out the selected command. %jobnumber is the serial number of the command being executed in the background found by the jobs command (not pid)

5. bg

Turn a command that was paused in the background into one that continues to execute (execute in the background)

If there are multiple commands in the background, you can use bg %jobnumber to call out the selected command. %jobnumber is the serial number of the command being executed in the background found by the jobs command (not pid).

Move the task to the background:

First press ctrl + z; then bg, so that the process is moved to the background and the terminal can continue to accept commands.

Concept: Current Tasks

If there are two background task numbers, [1] and [2]; if the first background task is successfully completed and the second background task is still being executed, the current task will automatically become the background task number "[2]"

Background tasks. So we can conclude that the current tasks will change. When the user enters commands such as "fg", "bg" and "stop" without any quotation marks, the current task will be changed.

Termination of a process

Termination of background processes:

Method 1:

Use the jobs command to check the job number (assuming it is num), and then execute kill %num

Method 2:

Use the ps command to view the process ID (PID, assuming it is pid) of the job, and then execute kill pid

Termination of the foreground process:

ctrl+c

Other functions of kill

In addition to terminating a process, kill can also send other signals to the process. Use kill -l to view the signals supported by kill.

SIGTERM is the signal sent by kill without parameters, which means that the process should be terminated, but whether it is executed or not depends on whether the process supports it. If the process has not terminated, you can use kill -SIGKILL pid. This is done by the kernel to terminate the process, and the process cannot listen to this signal.

Process Suspension

Background process hangs:

In Solaris, use the stop command to execute, use the jobs command to check the job number (assuming it is num), and then execute stop %num;

In redhat, there is no stop command. You can suspend the process by executing the kill -stop PID command.

When you want to re-execute the currently suspended task, you can use bg %num to change the status of the suspended job from stopped to running, and it will still be executed in the background. When you need to change it to foreground execution, execute the command fg %num.

Suspension of foreground process:

ctrl+Z;

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