Complete steps to solve 403 forbidden in Nginx

The webpage displays 403 Forbidden

Nginx (yum installation log is usually in /var/log/nginx/error.log) error log display

open() "/web/www/one.txt" failed (13: Permission denied), client: 192.168.1.110, server: rumenz.com, request: "GET /one.txt HTTP/1.1", host: "rumenz.com"

There are four reasons for this:

1. SELinux is not disabled
2. Nginx startup user and working user are inconsistent
3. The directory where the webpage is located has incorrect permissions
4. Missing default homepage
   

Solution:

SELinux is not disabled

1.1 Temporarily disable SELinux, but it will be enabled again after restarting the operating system

setenforce=0

1.2 Permanently disable SELinux

vim /etc/selinux/config

Change SELINUX=enforcing to SELINUX=disabled

Nginx startup user and working user are inconsistent

[root@rumenz#]ps aux | grep "nginx: worker process" | awk '{print $1}'
nobody
root

Modify Nginx configuration file

vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

Change user nobody to user root; restart Nginx

Note: The startup user and working user of Nginx can be different, but the permissions of the web directory must be configured so that the working user has the permission to access the web directory

Directory permissions issue where the web page is located

3.1 Fine-grained control: The root directory of the web page must have x permissions (that is, you can cd into it), and the parent directory where the web page is located must have r (read permission)

3.2 Simple and crude (not recommended, unsafe, but effective):

chmod -R 777 /web
chmod -R 777 /web/www

Missing default homepage

4.1 After the permissions are assigned, why does the homepage still show 403 Forbidden?

4.2 The root directory of the webpage provides a default homepage: index.html

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