Use of Linux xargs command

find /sbin -perm +700 |ls -l //This command is wrong because standard input cannot be used as a parameter for ls find /sbin -perm +700 |xargs ls -l //This is correct

xargs [options] [command]

-0: If the input stdin contains special characters, such as backquote `, backslash \, space, etc., xargs can restore it to normal characters. The default option for xargs.
-e <flag>,-E <flag>,--eof=<eof-str>: eof means end of file string. Flag can be a string or multiple strings separated by spaces. When xargs analyzes this flag, it will stop working. See Example 2.
-p: Ask the user each time an argument is executed.
-n <num>: Indicates the number of arguments used at a time when the command is executed, specified by num. The default is to use all parameters.
-t: Print the command first and then execute it.
-a <file>: Read from file as sdtin.
-i[replace-str]: Tells xargs to use {} instead of the parameters read from standard input. You can specify the replacement string replace-str. If not specified, the default is {}. It is recommended to use -I, which complies with the POSIX standard.
-I [replace-str]: Assigns each parameter output by xargs to the subsequent command separately. The parameter needs to be replaced by the specified replacement string replace-str. That is to say, replace-str cannot be defaulted and must be explicitly specified. Symbols such as {} $ @ can be used. Its main function is to adjust the parameter position when there are multiple parameters after the xargs command. For example: find . -name "*.txt"|xargs -I {} cp {} /tmp/{}.bak.
-r: or --no-run-if-empty, when the input of xargs is empty, xargs will stop and there is no need to execute subsequent commands. -r is the default option of xargs.
-s <num>: The maximum number of characters in the command line, which refers to the maximum number of characters in the command line after xargs, including commands, spaces, and line breaks. Each parameter is passed separately to the command following xargs. See Example 4.
-L <line_num>: Set the maximum number of lines in the standard input as the parameter for each execution of the command. See Example 5.
-d <delim>, --delimiter=<delim>: xargs uses newline and space as delimiters when processing standard input by default. The delimiter for output arguments is space. Here, change the delimiter when xargs processes standard input.
-x: means eXit, which is mainly used with -s. When the number of characters in the command line is greater than the value specified by -s, xargs will exit.
-P: Modify the maximum number of processes. The default is 1. When it is 0, it means as many as it can. This option is rarely used and its usage is currently unclear.

[b3335@MIC ~]$ echo '`0123`4 56789'|xargs -t echo
echo `0123`4 56789 
`0123`4 56789

[b3335@MIC ~]$ echo `01234` 56789
-bash: 01234: command not found
56789

[b3335@MIC ~]$ echo 01234 , 56789|xargs -E ","
01234

ls | xargs -t -i mv {} {}.bak

#Select files that meet the conditions ls|grep -E "201701|201702|201703|201704|201705|201706|201707|201708|201709|201710" |xargs -i mv {} {}.bak

[b3335@MIC test]$ echo "01234 56789"|xargs -t -s 11
echo 01234 
01234
echo 56789 
56789

[b3335@MIC test]$ echo -e "01234\n56789\n01234" | xargs -t -L 2 echo 
echo 01234 56789 
01234 56789
echo 01234 
01234

//List the contents of the file cat test.txt
abcd
fghijklmno

//Multiple lines of input and single line of output: 
cat test.txt | xargs
abcdefghijklmno

ps -ef|grep spp|awk '{printf "%s ",$2}'|xargs kill -9