9 code optimization tips to improve website usability that webmasters should pay attention to

1. Add alternative text to your logo

This has two advantages: the screen reader can identify the meaning of the logo image, and when the image is not loaded, it can also tell non-visually impaired users where your logo is.
Several methods:

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Alternatively, if you use a background image to implement the logo, you can also add a title attribute to achieve it:

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Of course, the link + background image method is the best, but it is also better to add a title attribute:

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<a title="Front-end world">Front-end world</a>

2. Add basic landmarks

ARIA Landmark is a set of website usability rules defined by W3C. Adding descriptive landmarks, or simply called roles, to different modules of a website will help screen readers better understand your web pages, allowing visually impaired users to better use your website.

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Wait, for specific rules, please check W3C's recommendations.

3. Enhance focus definition

In fact, many websites will try their best to remove the browser's :focus style, especially for IE browser. In fact, it makes sense that the browser has the :focus style by default, which can indicate to the user where the current mouse focus is. This is especially important for keyboard flow.
So please don't remove the :focus style. Even if you think the default style is ugly or inconsistent (IE is a dotted box, Webkit is a highlighted solid box, and Safari is blue and Chrome is orange), you can define a highlight color yourself:

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a:focus{
outline:1px solid red;
background:yellow;
}

If your product manager or visual designer insists on removing the focus state, just take away their mouse for a day and tell them to only use Tab to switch links.

4. Define required form items

The aria-required attribute can be used to define required fields in a form - well, it mainly tells screen readers:

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5. Add an h1 to the page

The reason is simple. It is not only good for SEO, but also helps the overall usability and readability of the website. Also, don’t you have a code obsession?

6. Define the table header

Usually many people are accustomed to using td tags for all tables. In fact, tables have more than just hd tags, there are also th, col, scope, etc.
So to put it simply, replace the header with the th tag:

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7. Define table description

Don’t just put a “p” before or after a table. Tables have dedicated caption tags, just like images.

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<table>
<caption>Class Schedule</caption>
<tr>
…

8. Avoid “click here”

Although such link descriptions do not matter to ordinary people, they are quite bad for screen reading software, and they are actually a kind of interference to visually impaired users.
So, just use the link in the right place.

9. Remove tabindex

In the past, many people used tabindex to "enhance" the user experience, but this attribute would disrupt the normal reading order of the page, which is disastrous for visually impaired users and may not be friendly to ordinary users.
So don't abuse the tabindex attribute.

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