Detailed steps and problem solving methods for installing MySQL 8.0.19 on Linux

I recently bought a Tencent Cloud server and built an environment.

This note is used to install MySQL for the first time on a clean system that has never had MySQL installed on it. Specify the installation directory and data file directory yourself.

Linux system version: CentOS 7.3 64-bit

Installation source file version: mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

mysql installation location: /software/mysql

Database file data location: /data/mysql

Note: To prevent confusion, the absolute path is used to execute the command here.

Except for the # in the file content, all the # here are Linux commands

>mysql is the mysql command

step:

1. Create the folder software and database data file /data/mysql in the root directory

#mkdir /software/
#mkdir /data/mysql

2. Upload the mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz file to /software

--------------------

Here I downloaded the mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar file with router and test, so I need to unzip it.

--------------------
#cd /software/
#xz -d mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
#tar -xvf mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar

3. Change the name of the unzipped folder

#mv /software/mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /software/mysql

4. Create mysql user group and mysql user

#groupadd mysql

#useradd -r -g mysql mysql

5. Associate the myql user to the mysql user group

#chown -R mysql:mysql /software/mysql/
#chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/
#chown -R mysql /software/mysql/
#chown -R mysql /data/mysql

6. Change the permissions of the mysql installation folder mysql/

#chmod -R 755 /software/mysql/

7. Install the libaio dependency package. The system comes with this dependency package so it does not need to be installed, but the built-in dependency package will report an error

Check whether libaio dependency packages are secretly transferred

#yum search libaio

If it is not installed, you can install it with the following command

#yum install libaio

8. Initialize mysql command

#cd /software/mysql/bin
#./mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/software/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --initialize

When executing the above command, pay special attention to one line

[Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: o*s#gqh)F4Ck

root@localhost: followed by the temporary password for logging into the MySQL database. The temporary password generated by each installation is different.

If the initialization error is as follows:

error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared object

Because libnuma is installed in 32 bits, we need 64 bits here, and we can solve it by executing the following statement

#yum install numactl.x86_64

Reinitialize mysql command after execution

9. Start mysql service

# sh /software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start

The above command to start the MySQL service will report an error because the MySQL configuration file has not been modified. The error content is as follows:

./support-files/mysql.server: line 239: my_print_defaults: command not found

./support-files/mysql.server: line 259: cd: /usr/local/mysql: No such file or directory

Starting MySQL ERROR! Couldn't find MySQL server (/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe)

10. Modify the Mysql configuration file

#vim /software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server

Before modification

if test -z "$basedir"
then
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
fi
sbindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
else
bindir="$basedir/bin"
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir="$basedir/data"
fi
sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
fi

After

if test -z "$basedir"
then
basedir=/software/mysql
bindir=/software/mysql/bin
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir=/data/mysql
fi
sbindir=/software/mysql/bin
libexecdir=/software/mysql/bin
else
bindir="$basedir/bin"
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir="$basedir/data"
fi
sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
fi

Save and exit

#cp /software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

#chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld

11. Modify the my.cnf file

#vi /etc/my.cnf

Copy the following content to replace the current my.cnf file

[client]
no-beep
socket =/software/mysql/mysql.sock
#pipe
# socket=0.0
port=3306
[mysql]
#The original utf8 points to UTF8MB3. The subsequent version needs to be changed to UTF8MB4. Let's do it in one step. default-character-set=UTF8MB4
[mysqld]
basedir=/software/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
port=3306
pid-file=/software/mysql/mysqld.pid
#skip-grant-tables
skip-name-resolve
socket = /software/mysql/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8
default-storage-engine=INNODB
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true
# Server Id.
server-id=1
max_connections=2000
#query_cache_size has been removed in version 8.0, so comment #query_cache_size=0
table_open_cache=2000
tmp_table_size=246M
thread_cache_size=300
#Limit the stack size used for each database thread. The default setting is sufficient for most applications thread_stack = 192k
key_buffer_size=512M
read_buffer_size=4M
read_rnd_buffer_size=32M
innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0
innodb_log_buffer_size=16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size=256M
innodb_log_file_size=128M
innodb_thread_concurrency=128
innodb_autoextend_increment=1000
innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8
innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000
innodb_old_blocks_time=1000
innodb_open_files=300
innodb_stats_on_metadata=0
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_checksum_algorithm=0
back_log=80
flush_time=0
join_buffer_size=128M
max_allowed_packet=1024M
max_connect_errors=2000
open_files_limit=4161
#query_cache_type has been removed in version 8.0, so comment #query_cache_type=0
sort_buffer_size=32M
table_definition_cache=1400
binlog_row_event_max_size=8K
sync_master_info=10000
sync_relay_log=10000
sync_relay_log_info=10000
#Batch insert data cache size can effectively improve insertion efficiency, the default is 8M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
interactive_timeout = 120
wait_timeout = 120
log-bin-trust-function-creators=1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

Save and exit

12. Start MySQL

#/etc/init.d/mysqld start

The new version of the installation package will report an error, the error content is as follows:

Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/SZY.err'.
2018-07-02T10:09:03.779928Z mysqld_safe The file /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld
does not exist or is not executable. Please cd to the mysql installation
directory and restart this script from there as follows:
./bin/mysqld_safe&
See http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/mysqld-safe.html for more information
ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/software/mysql/mysqld.pid).

Because the new version of MySQL secure boot installation package only recognizes the path /usr/local/mysql.

Solution:

Method 1: Create a soft link

example

#cd /usr/local/mysql
#ln -s /sofware/mysql/bin/myslqd mysqld

Method 2: Modify the mysqld_safe file (this is recommended by students with obsessive-compulsive disorder, and this is what I use)

# vim /software/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe

Change all /usr/local/mysql to /software/mysql

Save and exit. (You can copy this file, modify it and then replace it)

13. Log in to MySQL

I can't log in here, I'm blocked, errors like this:

ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO).

Refer to https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1188636

Change this operation to:

1. Stop the mysql database

/etc/init.d/mysqld stop

(Or just kill -9 [PID] to kill the process!)

2. Execute the following command

mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &

3. Log in to the MySQL database as root

mysql -u root mysql

4. Update the root password

For the latest version of MySQL, please use the following SQL:

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'newpassword';

5. Refresh permissions

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

6. Exit mysql

mysql> quit

7. Restart mysql

/etc/init.d/mysqld restart

8. Log in to mysql again using the root user

mysql -uroot -p
 Enter password: <Enter the new password newpassword>
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#/software/mysql/bin/mysql -u root –p

14. Enter a temporary password. The temporary password is the content after the 8th root@localhost:

15. Change the mysql login password

>mysql set password=password('root');
>mysql grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'root';
>mysql flush privileges;

16. Completed. At this time, the login name of MySQL is root and the login password is root

Summarize

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