Nginx merges request connections and speeds up website access examples

Preface

As one of the best web servers in the world, Nginx's advantages are self-evident. Let's talk about how Nginx merges request connections.

Quick Facts

When we browse the web, an important factor affecting the browsing speed is the number of concurrent browsers. To put it simply, the number of concurrent tasks is the number of tasks that are performed simultaneously when browsing a web page.

Of course, the browser's concurrent request limit is for the same domain name. There is a certain limit on the number of requests under the same domain name at the same time. Requests exceeding the limit will be blocked.

First, let's look at the number of concurrent connections for each browser:

List the possible considerations for the browser to make this decision

• Due to the limitation of TCP protocol, the PC has only 65536 ports available for external connections, and the operating system also limits the number of half-open connections to protect the TCPIP protocol stack resources of the operating system from being exhausted quickly. Therefore, the browser should not issue too many TCP connections. Instead, it should reuse the TCP connection after it is used up or simply re-establish the TCP connection.

• If a blocking socket model is used to establish a connection, issuing multiple connections at the same time will cause the browser to have to open several more threads, and threads are sometimes not considered lightweight resources. After all, the cost of a context switch is not small.

• This is the browser acting as a conscientious client to protect the server. Just like the collision detection mechanism of Ethernet, the client must decide a waiting period by itself when using public resources. When more than two clients want to use public resources, the stronger evil client may cause the weaker clients to be completely unable to access the public resources. Xunlei was criticized in the past because it was not a conscientious client. As an HTTP protocol client, it did not consider the pressure on the server, and as a BT client, it did not consider its obligation to feedback the upload volume.

Taobao tengine

When we visit some websites, we will see that some js and css files in the code are obtained through one request. The above knowledge knows that the number of concurrent browser requests is limited, but if multiple records are merged into one request, the response speed may be accelerated.

The tengine used by Taobao is a web server based on nginx, which has been open source since the end of 2011. The open source module nginx-http-concat can merge multiple files into one response message.

Install

Installing the third-party module nginx-http-concat for the first time

wget http://tengine.taobao.org/download/tengine-2.2.0.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/alibaba/nginx-http-concat/archive/master.zip -O nginx-http-concat-master.zip
unzip nginx-http-concat-master.zip
tar -xzvf tengine-2.2.0.tar.gz
cd tengine-2.2.0

Configuration, compilation and installation

 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --add-module=../nginx-http-concat-master
 make
 make install

If Nginx has already been installed, just configure the third-party plug-in. Nginx -V, check the version of Nginx. If it is not available, download the corresponding version.

Just execute the code.

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --add-module=../nginx-http-concat-master
make

After successful compilation

#Please back up the nginx executable file before copying cp /objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

Kill Nginx and restart it.

Configuration

Add the following configuration to the location section:

location /static/css/ {
  concat on;
  concat_max_files 20;
  concat_unique off;
  concat_types text/css application/javascript;
}

Merge method

http://static.52itstyle.com/static/css/??index.css,common.css?v=20171111

The above is the full content of this article. I hope it will be helpful for everyone’s study. I also hope that everyone will support 123WORDPRESS.COM.