Detailed steps for configuring virtual hosts in nginx
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Virtual hosts use special software and hardware technologies, which divide a server host running on the Internet into a number of "virtual" hosts. Each virtual host can be an independent website with an independent domain name and complete Internet server functions (WWW, FTP, Email, etc.). Virtual hosts on the same host are completely independent. From the perspective of website visitors, each virtual host is exactly the same as a standalone host.
With virtual hosts, there is no need to provide a separate Nginx server or run a separate set of Nginx processes for each website to be run. Virtual hosts provide the ability to run multiple websites on the same server and the same set of Nginx processes. There are three ways to configure virtual hosts:
Method 1: Multiple network cards and multiple IPsTwo physical network cards, two IP
# Two physical network cards ens32 and ens34
[root@nginx network-scripts]# ifconfig ens32 | awk 'NR==2 {print $2}'
192.168.126.41
[root@nginx network-scripts]# ifconfig ens34 | awk 'NR==2 {print $2}'
192.168.126.42Edit the configuration file to create a virtual host based on each IP
# To prevent the /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf configuration file from being affected, rename it [root@nginx ~]# mv /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/default
[root@nginx ~]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/ip.conf
# The virtual host server corresponding to the ens32 network card {
listen 192.168.126.41:80;
location / {
root /ip_ens32;
index index.html;
}
}
# ens34 network card corresponding to the virtual host server {
listen 192.168.126.42:80;
location / {
root /ip_ens34;
index index.html;
}
}Create a virtual host web page file directory and files [root@nginx ~]# mkdir /ip_ens32 [root@nginx ~]# mkdir /ip_ens34 [root@nginx ~]# echo "ens32" > /ip_ens32/index.html [root@nginx ~]# echo "ens34" > /ip_ens34/index.html Check the syntax of the configuration file [root@nginx ~]# nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful Reload nginx service [root@nginx ~]# systemctl reload nginx test [root@nginx ~]# curl 192.168.126.41 ens32 [root@nginx ~]# curl 192.168.126.42 ens34
Method 2: Single network card with multiple IP addressesConfigure multiple IPs for one physical network card ip addr add IP/MASK dev network card name# delete ip addr del IP/MASK dev network card name The remaining steps are the same as the above multi-NIC multi-IP configuration Port-based
Mostly used within the company when a domain name cannot be used or does not existConfiguration
[root@nginx ~]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/port.conf
server {
listen 81;
location / {
root /port_81;
index index.html;
}
}
server {
listen 82;
location / {
root /port_82;
index index.html;
}
}
[root@nginx ~]# mkdir /port_{81..82}
[root@nginx ~]# echo "81" > /port_81/index.html
[root@nginx ~]# echo "82" > /port_82/index.html
[root@nginx ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@nginx ~]# systemctl reload nginxtest [root@nginx ~]# curl 192.168.126.41:81 81 [root@nginx ~]# curl 192.168.126.41:82 82
Based on domain name
ConfigurationGenerally, one domain name corresponds to one configuration file, which is easy to manage.
[root@nginx ~]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/test1.dxk.com.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name test1.dxk.com;
location / {
root /test1;
index index.html;
}
}
[root@nginx ~]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/test2.dxk.com.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name test2.dxk.com;
location / {
root /test2;
index index.html;
}
}
[root@nginx ~]# mkdir /test{1..2}
[root@nginx ~]# echo "test1" > /test1/index.html
[root@nginx ~]# echo "test2" > /test2/index.html
[root@nginx ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@nginx ~]# systemctl reload nginxtest# Configure domain name resolution [root@nginx ~]# echo -e "192.168.126.41 test1.dxk.com\n192.168.126.41 test2.dxk.com" >> /etc/hosts [root@nginx ~]# cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 192.168.126.41 test1.dxk.com 192.168.126.41 test2.dxk.com [root@nginx ~]# curl test1.dxk.com test1 [root@nginx ~]# curl test2.dxk.com test2
Here is the problem: If the domain name resolution is configured incorrectly, the web page content will be returned when accessing the wrong domain name (the virtual host for the wrong domain name is not configured). [root@nginx ~]# vim /etc/hosts 192.168.126.41 test1.dxk.com 192.168.126.41 test3.dxk.com # This should be test2.dxk.com, but it was written incorrectly, and the virtual host corresponding to the test3.dxk.com domain name does not exist Visit the wrong domain name [root@nginx ~]# curl test3.dxk.com test1 # As you can see, web page information will still be returned Because when configuring domain name resolution, although the domain name is written incorrectly, the IP is correct. In this case, the server will return the web page information of the first virtual host that meets the IP and port 80 to the client by default. [root@nginx ~]# ll /etc/nginx/conf.d/ -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 112 Jul 3 21:23 test1.dxk.com.conf -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 112 Jul 3 21:22 test2.dxk.com.conf This is something to note This is the end of this article about nginx virtual host. For more relevant nginx virtual host content, please search for previous articles on 123WORDPRESS.COM or continue to browse the related articles below. I hope everyone will support 123WORDPRESS.COM in the future! You may also be interested in:
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