Practice using Golang to play with Docker API

Installing the SDK
Managing local Docker

Running the container
Running containers in the background
View container list
Stop all running containers
Get the logs of a specified container
View mirror list
Pull the image
Pull private image
Save the container as an image

Managing remote Docker

remote connection
Modify the client

Summarize

Docker provides an API (called Docker Engine API) for interacting with the Docker daemon. We can use the official Go language SDK to build and extend Docker applications and solutions.

Installing the SDK

You can install the SDK by running the following command:

go get github.com/docker/docker/client

Managing local Docker

This section will introduce how to use Golang + Docker API to manage local Docker.

Running the container

The first example will show how to run a container, equivalent to docker run docker.io/library/alpine echo "hello world":

package main

import (
 "context"
 "io"
 "os"

 "github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
 "github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
 "github.com/docker/docker/client"
 "github.com/docker/docker/pkg/stdcopy"
)

func main() {
 ctx := context.Background()
 cli, err := client.NewClientWithOpts(client.FromEnv, client.WithAPIVersionNegotiation())
 if err != nil {
 panic(err)
 }

 reader, err := cli.ImagePull(ctx, "docker.io/library/alpine", types.ImagePullOptions{})
 if err != nil {
 panic(err)
 }
 io.Copy(os.Stdout, reader)

 resp, err := cli.ContainerCreate(ctx, &container.Config{
 Image: "alpine",
 Cmd: []string{"echo", "hello world"},
 }, nil, nil, "")
 if err != nil {
 panic(err)
 }

 if err := cli.ContainerStart(ctx, resp.ID, types.ContainerStartOptions{}); err != nil {
 panic(err)
 }

 statusCh, errCh := cli.ContainerWait(ctx, resp.ID, container.WaitConditionNotRunning)
 select {
 case err := <-errCh:
 if err != nil {
  panic(err)
 }
 case <-statusCh:
 }

 out, err := cli.ContainerLogs(ctx, resp.ID, types.ContainerLogsOptions{ShowStdout: true})
 if err != nil {
 panic(err)
 }

 stdcopy.StdCopy(os.Stdout, os.Stderr, out)
}

Running containers in the background

You can also run the container in the background, which is equivalent to docker run -d bfirsh/reticulate-splines:

package main

import (
 "context"
 "fmt"
 "io"
 "os"

 "github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
 "github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
 "github.com/docker/docker/client"
)

func main() {
 ctx := context.Background()
 cli, err := client.NewClientWithOpts(client.FromEnv, client.WithAPIVersionNegotiation())
 if err != nil {
 panic(err)
 }

 imageName := "bfirsh/reticulate-splines"

 out, err := cli.ImagePull(ctx, imageName, types.ImagePullOptions{})
 if err != nil {
 panic(err)
 }
 io.Copy(os.Stdout, out)

 resp, err := cli.ContainerCreate(ctx, &container.Config{
 Image: imageName,
 }, nil, nil, "")
 if err != nil {
 panic(err)
 }

 if err := cli.ContainerStart(ctx, resp.ID, types.ContainerStartOptions{}); err != nil {
 panic(err)
 }

 fmt.Println(resp.ID)
}

View container list

List running containers, just like with docker ps:

package main

import (
 "context"
 "fmt"

 "github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
 "github.com/docker/docker/client"
)

func main() {
 ctx := context.Background()
 cli, err := client.NewClientWithOpts(client.FromEnv, client.WithAPIVersionNegotiation())
 if err != nil {
  panic(err)
 }

 containers, err := cli.ContainerList(ctx, types.ContainerListOptions{})
 if err != nil {
  panic(err)
 }

 for _, container := range containers {
  fmt.Println(container.ID)
 }
}

If it is docker ps -a, we can achieve this by modifying the All property in types.ContainerListOptions:

// type ContainerListOptions struct {
// Quiet bool
// Size bool
// All bool
//Latest bool
// Since string
// Before string
// Limit int
// Filters filters.Args
// }

options := types.ContainerListOptions{
 All: true,
}
containers, err := cli.ContainerList(ctx, options)
if err != nil {
 panic(err)
}

Stop all running containers

In the above example, we can get a list of containers, so in this case, we can stop all running containers.

Note: Do not run the following code on a production server.

package main

import (
 "context"
 "fmt"

 "github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
 "github.com/docker/docker/client"
)

func main() {
 ctx := context.Background()
 cli, err := client.NewClientWithOpts(client.FromEnv, client.WithAPIVersionNegotiation())
 if err != nil {
  panic(err)
 }

 containers, err := cli.ContainerList(ctx, types.ContainerListOptions{})
 if err != nil {
  panic(err)
 }

 for _, container := range containers {
  fmt.Print("Stopping container ", container.ID[:10], "... ")
  if err := cli.ContainerStop(ctx, container.ID, nil); err != nil {
   panic(err)
  }
  fmt.Println("Success")
 }
}

Get the logs of a specified container

By specifying the container ID, we can get the logs of the container with the corresponding ID:

package main

import (
 "context"
 "io"
 "os"

 "github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
 "github.com/docker/docker/client"
)

func main() {
 ctx := context.Background()
 cli, err := client.NewClientWithOpts(client.FromEnv, client.WithAPIVersionNegotiation())
 if err != nil {
  panic(err)
 }

 options := types.ContainerLogsOptions{ShowStdout: true}

 out, err := cli.ContainerLogs(ctx, "f1064a8a4c82", options)
 if err != nil {
  panic(err)
 }

 io.Copy(os.Stdout, out)
}

View mirror list

Get all local images, equivalent to docker image ls or docker images:

package main

import (
 "context"
 "fmt"

 "github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
 "github.com/docker/docker/client"
)

func main() {
 ctx := context.Background()
 cli, err := client.NewClientWithOpts(client.FromEnv, client.WithAPIVersionNegotiation())
 if err != nil {
  panic(err)
 }

 images, err := cli.ImageList(ctx, types.ImageListOptions{})
 if err != nil {
  panic(err)
 }

 for _, image := range images {
  fmt.Println(image.ID)
 }
}

Pull the image

Pull the specified image, which is equivalent to docker pull alpine:

package main

import (
 "context"
 "io"
 "os"

 "github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
 "github.com/docker/docker/client"
)

func main() {
 ctx := context.Background()
 cli, err := client.NewClientWithOpts(client.FromEnv, client.WithAPIVersionNegotiation())
 if err != nil {
  panic(err)
 }

 out, err := cli.ImagePull(ctx, "alpine", types.ImagePullOptions{})
 if err != nil {
  panic(err)
 }

 defer out.Close()

 io.Copy(os.Stdout, out)
}

Pull private image

In addition to public images, we usually use some private images, which can be private images on DockerHub or self-hosted image repositories, such as harbor. At this time, we need to provide the corresponding credentials to pull the image.

It is worth noting that when using the Go SDK of the Docker API, the credentials are transmitted in plain text, so if you build your own image repository, be sure to use HTTPS!

package main

import (
 "context"
 "encoding/base64"
 "encoding/json"
 "io"
 "os"

 "github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
 "github.com/docker/docker/client"
)

func main() {
 ctx := context.Background()
 cli, err := client.NewClientWithOpts(client.FromEnv, client.WithAPIVersionNegotiation())
 if err != nil {
  panic(err)
 }

 authConfig := types.AuthConfig{
  Username: "username",
  Password: "password",
 }
 encodedJSON, err := json.Marshal(authConfig)
 if err != nil {
  panic(err)
 }
 authStr := base64.URLEncoding.EncodeToString(encodedJSON)

 out, err := cli.ImagePull(ctx, "alpine", types.ImagePullOptions{RegistryAuth: authStr})
 if err != nil {
  panic(err)
 }

 defer out.Close()
 io.Copy(os.Stdout, out)
}

Save the container as an image

We can save an existing container as an image by committing:

package main

import (
 "context"
 "fmt"

 "github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
 "github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
 "github.com/docker/docker/client"
)

func main() {
 ctx := context.Background()
 cli, err := client.NewClientWithOpts(client.FromEnv, client.WithAPIVersionNegotiation())
 if err != nil {
  panic(err)
 }

 createResp, err := cli.ContainerCreate(ctx, &container.Config{
  Image: "alpine",
  Cmd: []string{"touch", "/helloworld"},
 }, nil, nil, "")
 if err != nil {
  panic(err)
 }

 if err := cli.ContainerStart(ctx, createResp.ID, types.ContainerStartOptions{}); err != nil {
  panic(err)
 }

 statusCh, errCh := cli.ContainerWait(ctx, createResp.ID, container.WaitConditionNotRunning)
 select {
 case err := <-errCh:
  if err != nil {
   panic(err)
  }
 case <-statusCh:
 }

 commitResp, err := cli.ContainerCommit(ctx, createResp.ID, types.ContainerCommitOptions{Reference: "helloworld"})
 if err != nil {
  panic(err)
 }

 fmt.Println(commitResp.ID)
}

Managing remote Docker

Of course, in addition to managing local Docker, we can also manage remote Docker by using Golang + Docker API.

remote connection

By default, Docker runs through a non-network Unix socket and can only communicate locally (/var/run/docker.sock). It is not possible to connect to Docker remotely.
We need to edit the configuration file /etc/docker/daemon.json and modify the following content (change 192.168.59.3 to your own IP address), and then restart Docker:

# vi /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
 "hosts": [
 "tcp://192.168.59.3:2375",
 "unix:///var/run/docker.sock"
 ]
}

systemctl restart docker

Modify the client

When creating a client, you need to specify the address of the remote Docker, so that you can manage the remote Docker just like managing the local Docker:

cli, err = client.NewClientWithOpts(client.FromEnv, client.WithAPIVersionNegotiation(),
 client.WithHost("tcp://192.168.59.3:2375"))

Summarize

There are already many products that can manage Docker, and they are implemented in this way, such as portainer.

This is the end of this article about using Golang to play with Docker API. For more information about running Docker API with Golang, please search for previous articles on 123WORDPRESS.COM or continue to browse the following related articles. I hope you will support 123WORDPRESS.COM in the future!

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