Docker file storage path, modify port mapping operation mode

#Suppose a container is started by the following command docker run -d --name mysql_cdh \
-p 3306:3306 \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 \
-v mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql \
--restart=always \
mysql:5.5 --character-set-server=utf8
#How to get the startup parameters through the container name [root@jenkins ~]# docker inspect mysql_cdh
[
 {
  "Id": "3aad772538b5e86705d3358362517a08d53f951aa6522e2881321135f05c8872",
  "Created": "2019-09-25T01:43:37.720505875Z",
  "Path": "docker-entrypoint.sh",
  "Args": [
   "--character-set-server=utf8"
  ],
  ...
  "Name": "/mysql_cdh",
  
	 	"HostConfig": {
	   "Binds": [
	    "mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql"
	   ],
	   ...
	   "NetworkMode": "default",
	   "PortBindings": {
	    "3306/tcp": [
	     {
	      "HostIp": "",
	      "HostPort": "3306"
	     }
	    ]
	   },
	   "RestartPolicy": {
	    "Name": "always",
	    "MaximumRetryCount": 0
	   },
	
 	"Mounts": [
	   {
	    "Type": "volume",
	    "Name": "mysql-data",
	    "Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/mysql-data/_data",
	    "Destination": "/var/lib/mysql",
	    "Driver": "local",
	    "Mode": "z",
	    "RW": true,
	    "Propagation": ""
	   }
	  ],
	
		"Config": {
	   "Hostname": "3aad772538b5",
	    ...
	   "ExposedPorts": {
	    "3306/tcp": {}
	   },
				...
	   "Env": [
	    "MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456",
	    "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/scripts",
	    "GOSU_VERSION=1.7",
	    "MYSQL_MAJOR=5.5",
	    "MYSQL_VERSION=5.5.62"
	   ],
	   "Cmd": [
	    "--character-set-server=utf8"
	   ],

#1, Start the container [root@master ~]# docker run -d --name nginx2 nginx
a9c9f31cdccf13c3385f3de33443325d2e14d69458e6d679e54c8cf9e5ff24c8
#2, Get the container id
[root@master ~]# docker inspect nginx2 | grep -i id 
[root@master ~]# docker inspect nginx2 | grep -i id 
  "Id": "a9c9f31cdccf13c3385f3de33443325d2e14d69458e6d679e54c8cf9e5ff24c8",
   "Pid": 2069,
  "ExecIDs": null,
   "ContainerIDFile": "",
			
#View container temporary files--randomly generated files each time they are created (container layer)
# /var/lib/docker/containers/Container id
[root@master ~]# docker inspect nginx2 | grep -i path
 "Path": "nginx",
 "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/a9c9f31cdccf13c3385f3de33443325d2e14d69458e6d679e54c8cf9e5ff24c8/resolv.conf",
 "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/a9c9f31cdccf13c3385f3de33443325d2e14d69458e6d679e54c8cf9e5ff24c8/hostname",
 "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/a9c9f31cdccf13c3385f3de33443325d2e14d69458e6d679e54c8cf9e5ff24c8/hosts",
 "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/a9c9f31cdccf13c3385f3de33443325d2e14d69458e6d679e54c8cf9e5ff24c8/a9c9f31cdccf13c3385f3de33443325d2e14d69458e6d679e54c8cf9e5ff24c8-json.log",

[root1@c7-docker ~]# docker inspect mysql_port |egrep -i 'volum|Mount' -A 2
   "Volumes": {
    "/var/lib/mysql": {}
   },
--
   "Volumes": {
    "/var/lib/mysql": {}
   },

############### 1. Start a container############## 
[root1@c7-docker ~]# docker run --name t1 -d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -v mysql-test-dir:/var/lib/mysql/ -p 3308:3306 mysql:5.5
53f2a3c53d4c6769897ee484c3d2ff4e3f82ea1e390d4950b2162c08af05d7cc
[root1@c7-docker ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
53f2a3c53d4c mysql:5.5 "docker-entrypoint.s..." 3 seconds ago Up 3 seconds 0.0.0.0:3308->3306/tcp t1
[root1@c7-docker ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -P3308 --protocol tcp
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.62 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
MySQL [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
|mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> use test;
Database changed
MySQL [test]> create table t1(id int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MySQL [test]> insert into t1 values(1),(2),(3);
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
MySQL [test]> select * from t1;
+------+
|id|
+------+
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 3 |
+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
############## 2. Submit the current container environment--save as a new image############## 
[root1@c7-docker ~]# docker commit -m mysql_test_chag-port_img t1 mysql_port
sha256:9f90be3c200c6a8b535478375c4caf86d589d231afae1293d28026f9248f8ae3
[root1@c7-docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
mysql_port latest 9f90be3c200c 3 seconds ago 205MB
mysql 5.5 d404d78aa797 18 months ago 205MB
############## 3. Stop the old container and start the new container############### 
[root1@c7-docker ~]# docker stop t1
t1
[root1@c7-docker ~]# docker run --name t2 -d -v mysql-test-dir:/var/lib/mysql/ -p 3309:3306 mysql_port
fd7cefe55db8bb2687ab044ff1473f0c935ac5ce867df81b3b13f570e9026868
[root1@c7-docker ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
fd7cefe55db8 mysql_port "docker-entrypoint.s..." 3 seconds ago Up 2 seconds 0.0.0.0:3309->3306/tcp t2
[root1@c7-docker ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -P3309 --protocol tcp
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.62 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
MySQL [(none)]> show databases;
MySQL [(none)]> use test;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
MySQL [test]> select * from t1;
+------+
|id|
+------+
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 3 |
+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

[root@docker a9c9f31cd...ff24c8]# pwd
/var/lib/docker/containers/d93185e3a0....2e544ccfa
[root@docker a9c9f31cd...ff24c8]# cat hostconfig.json 
{"Binds":["/dockersuperset:/home/superset"],"ContainerIDFile":"",
"LogConfig":{"Type":"json-file","Config":{}},"NetworkMode":"default",
"PortBindings":{"8088/tcp":[{"HostIp":"","HostPort":"8099"}]}......

[root@master ~]# docker image inspect nginx | ​​tail -n 22
  "GraphDriver": {
   "Data": {
    "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/bf20cf788cc053f00ff1467525d50e19bd1cf07a2167f72511bdfcb28918a472/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/317d80bb7ae58ed288be9ebd84aeb5b4b3a1c06f3211f5d1f32d89b629d1876e/diff",
    "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7782d0eb292fdc8bbd73bf9bae2d65468e8aba0bcd6baed55ac348618b80ae16/merged",
    "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7782d0eb292fdc8bbd73bf9bae2d65468e8aba0bcd6baed55ac348618b80ae16/diff",
    "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7782d0eb292fdc8bbd73bf9bae2d65468e8aba0bcd6baed55ac348618b80ae16/work"
   },
   "Name": "overlay2"
  },

# Enter the mirror container file storage directory and modify the configuration file [root@master d37ff828e6308...0c0599b]# ls diff/run/
nginx.pid
[root@master d37ff828e6308...0c0599b]# ls diff /var/cache/nginx/
client_temp fastcgi_temp proxy_temp scgi_temp uwsgi_temp
[root@master d37ff828e6308...0c0599b]# ls merged/
bin/ dev/ etc/ lib/ media/ opt/ root/ sbin/ sys/ usr/  
boot/ .dockerenv home/ lib64/ mnt/ proc/ run/ srv/ tmp/ var/  
[root@master d37ff828e6308...0c0599b]# ls merged/etc/nginx/
conf.d fastcgi_params koi-utf koi-win mime.types modules nginx.conf scgi_params uwsgi_params win-utf
[root@master d37ff828e6308...0c0599b]# head merged/etc/nginx/nginx.conf 
user nginx;
worker_processes 1;
#Modify the configuration file here, remove the semicolons of the two lines user nginx; worker_process 1; to see if the configuration in the container has changed [root@master d37ff828e6308...0c0599b]# head merged/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -n 3
user nginx
worker_processes 1
#Log in to the container and view the modified configuration: Verify whether it is effective [root@master d37ff828e6308...0c0599b]# docker exec -it nginx2 bash
root@a9c9f31cdccf:/# head /etc/nginx/nginx.conf -n 3
user nginx
worker_processes 1

#Backup data to a new storage pathservice docker stop
mkdir /docker.bak
mv /var/lib/docker/* /docker.bak
#Create a soft link mkdir /home/docker-data
mv /docker.bak/* /home/docker-data/ && rmdir /docker.bak
ln -s /home/docker-data /var/lib/docker

vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service 
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd --graph /new-path/docker 
#reload configuration file systemctl daemon-reload 
#Restart Docker 
systemctl restart docker.service