Oracle deployment tutorial in Linux environment

1. Environment and related software

1. Virtual Machine: VMwore Workstation
2. Linux system: CentOSORACLE:
3. ORACLE_112030_Linux-x86-64
4. Xmanger Software

2. Install the virtual machine and Linux system

1. Install the virtual machine

2. Install CentOS

2.1 Create a new virtual machine

2.2 Next, select the next operating system to install

2.3 Select the operating system, select Linux, and select CentOS 64-bit

2.4 Virtual Machine Naming and File Location Selection

2.6 Select the hard disk size. For practice, you can choose the default 20G

2.7 Next step, you have completed the preparations for creating a virtual machine

2.8 Edit virtual machine related configuration

Memory recommended is 1G or above (less than 512M is not recommended):

Select System Path

Select bridge mode for the network adapter (you can learn and compare the differences between the modes yourself)

Other parameters can be adjusted as needed.

2.9 Start the virtual machine

2.10 Installing the system

2.11 Skip Detection

2.12 Continue to this step (disk partitioning is selected by default, no customized partitioning), select Format Data

2.13 Rename the host name. You can fill in any legal name. English and numbers are recommended.

2.14 Selecting the time zone

2.15 Setting the root password

2.16 Continue to the next step until you select the desktop type. For beginners, you can select desktop

2.17 Select Next to enter the system installation

2.18 Reboot after completion

2.19 After booting, just follow the next step. 3. Network and Firewall Settings 3.1 Network Settings

You can refer to the local machine for relevant settings and view the local machine's relevant configuration: cmdàipconfig –all

Modify in ifcfg-eth0 in the /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts folder

3.2 Firewall settings: Turn off the firewall

[root@ORACLE1 ~]# service iptables stop //Temporarily turn off the firewall[root@ORACLE1 ~]# chkconfig --level 35 iptables off //Permanently turn off the firewall[root@ORACLE1 ~]# chkconfig --list iptables //Check whether the changes are effective 

3. Oracle Installation

1. Hardware detection

[root@oracle1 ~]# cat /etc/issue // (version)

[root@ORACLE1 ~]# uname -r // (version)

[root@ORACLE1 ~]# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo // (memory size)

[root@ORACLE1 ~]# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo // (Swap area size)

[root@ORACLE1 ~]# grep "model name" /proc/cpuinfo // (CPU information)

[root@ORACLE1 ~]# free // (available memory)

Remark:

Physical memory is not less than 1G Hard disk space is not less than 15G Swap partition space is not less than 1G Graphics card supports 256 colors or more CPU frequency is not less than 550mHZ2. Disable SELinux

[root@ORACLE1 ~]# /usr/sbin/sestatus -v //Check SELinux status. The parameter enabled means it is enabled.

[root@ORACLE1 ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config //Turn off SELinux

Change SELINUX=enforcing to SELINUX=disabled

Just restart the machine (if you don't want to restart the system, use the command setenforce 0)

3. Modify the hosts file

[root@oracle1 ~]# hostname //Check the host name

[root@oracle1 ~]# vi /etc/hosts //Modify the hosts file

[root@oracle1 ~]#vi /etc/sysconfig/network

4. Check and install dependent system packages

[root@ORACLE1 ~]# yum install gcc make binutils gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static ksh libaio libaio-devel numactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel pcre-devel

//During the installation process, click y to confirm. If yum fails, you need to check the network.

[root@oracle1 ~]# rpm -q gcc make binutils gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static ksh libaio libaio-devel numactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel pcre-devel | grep "not installed"
//Note: Check whether the dependent packages are installed completely. If the installation package shows is not installed (such as: package gcc is not installed), use the yum install command to install it, such as: [root@ORACLE1 ~]# yum install gcc 

5. Copy ORACLE software

[root@ORACLE1 ~]# mkdir -p /sharedisk/11G //Create a software folder. This is specially created to place the software separately. You can also choose not to create it and put it in the corresponding location.

Use xftp software to copy p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip and

p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip to the /sharedisk/11G directory.

[root@ORACLE1 ~]# cd /sharedisk/11G

[root@ORACLE1 11G]# unzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip //Unzip

[root@ORACLE1 11G]# unzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip //Unzip

Note: If unzip is not installed, run the command yum install unzip. After decompression, a new /sharedisk/11G/database directory will be created, which contains all the decompressed Oracle installation files.

6. Create operating system groups and users

[root@ORACLE1 11G]# id oracle //Confirm whether the oracle user exists [root@ORACLE1 11G]# groupadd oinstall
[root@ORACLE1 11G]# groupadd dba
[root@ORACLE1 11G]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba -d /home/oracle oracle

Note: oinstall is the primary group, make sure the /home/oracle directory does not exist

[root@ORACLE1 11G]# passwd oracle //Set the user oracle password to oracle

7. Modify OS kernel parameters

[root@ORACLE1 11G]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf //Add at the end of the file

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6553600kernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmax = 1073741824kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

Note: Add at the end of /etc/sysctl.conf file (according to the document requirements, kernel.shmmax is most reasonably set to half of the physical memory). Setting principle: kernel.shmmax is 4GB-1byte or half of the physical memory, whichever value is lower.

[root@ORACLE1 home]# /sbin/sysctl -p //Let the parameters take effect

Note: If the following error occurs, please refer to the following solution

Error resolution:

[root@ORACLE1 11G]# modprobe bridge

[root@ORACLE1 11G]# lsmod|grep bridge

[root@ORACLE1 11G]# /sbin/sysctl -p

8. Modify user restriction files

[root@ORACLE1 11G]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf //Add oracle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536oracle soft stack 10240[root@ORACLE1 11G]# vi /etc/pam.d/login //Add session required pam_limits.so after the file[root@ORACLE1 11G]# vi /etc/profile //Add at the end of the fileif [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fifi[root@ORACLE1 11G]# source /etc/profile //Make the settings effective 

9. Create installation directory and set file permissions

[root@ORACLE1 11G]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0 //数据库系统安装目录[root@ORACLE1 11G]# mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata //数据库数据安装目录[root@ORACLE1 11G]# mkdir /u01/app/oraInventory[root@ORACLE1 11G]# mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory[root@ORACLE1 11G]# mkdir /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area[root@ORACLE1 11G]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle[root@ORACLE1 11G]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory[root@ORACLE1 11G]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory[root@ORACLE1 11G]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle[root@ORACLE1 11G]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oraInventory[root@ORACLE1 11G]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory 

10. Set Oracle environment variables

[root@ORACLE1 11G]# su - oracle //Enter oracle user

[oracle@ORACLE1 ~]$ vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile //or vi ~/.bash_profile add at the end of the file

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracleORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0ORACLE_SID=gtadb21PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/binexport ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PAT 

Note: Pay attention to the SID settings

[oracle@ORACLE1 ~]$ source /home/oracle/.bash_profile //Make the settings effective

[oracle@ORACLE1 ~]$ env //Check environment variables

11. Install the oracle software (log in as oracle user)

[oracle@oracle1 ~]$ cd /sharedisk/11G/database

[oracle@oracle1 database]$ ll

[oracle@oracle1 database]$ ./runInstaller

Note: If the graphical interface cannot be called up here, you need to make corresponding settings

[root@oracle1 ~]# xhost + //Use root user

[root@oracle1 ~]# su – oracle

[oracle@oracle1 ~]$ export DISPLAY=10.10.18.27:0.0 //Set the local IP

After setting, continue to run the above steps

Enter the graphical interface and install the software in sequence:

Install the software first

When the following dialog box pops up, log in as root user and execute the script you want to execute.

After the script is executed, click OK to complete the software installation!

12. Configure monitoring

[oracle@oracle1 database]$ netca

Continue to the next step until completion

13. Create a database

Note: The SID here is consistent with the environment variable

Please note that the password should not contain characters such as @.

Be careful when choosing character set

Continue to run the next step until creation.

4. Simple operation

1. Daily Operation

1.1 Opening and closing the database

Open:

[root@oracle1 ~]# su – oracle

[oracle@oracle1 ~]$ lsnrctl start //Start monitoring

[oracle@oracle1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> startup; //Start the database

SQL> exit;

closure:

[root@oracle1 ~]# su – oracle

[oracle@oracle1 ~]$ lsnrctl stop //Start monitoring

[oracle@oracle1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> shutdown immediate; //Start the database

SQL> exit;

1.2 Create users, grant permissions and tablespaces

[oracle@oracle1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> create user INPUT identified by INPUT;

SQL> grant dba to INPUT; //Grant permissions as required

SQL> create tablespace GTA_INPUT_DATA datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/gtadb21/INPUT01.dbf' size 10M; //The tablespace size and whether to automatically expand can be set as needed

SQL> alter user SYSDESIGN default tablespace GTA_SOFTSYS_DATA; //Set the default tablespace

The deployment of Oracle is actually not that difficult. If you have any questions during the deployment process, you can leave a message or follow the WeChat public account for communication.

In addition, please follow my WeChat public account: Database Goods Store, where I will give away books and learning materials from time to time.

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