Future-oriented all-round web design: progressive enhancement

<br />Original: Understanding Progressive Enhancement
By Aaron Gustafson
Translation: http://lifesinger.org/

Since 1994, the web development community has been beating the drum of graceful degradation. The concept comes from the engineering world, and its core idea is to give the latest and most powerful browsers a full-featured experience, while leaving only the basic leftovers for those poor people who are unfortunate enough to still use Netscape 4. There is no doubt that this played a role. But it doesn't quite fit in with Tim Berners-Lee's original vision of a Universally Accessible Web.
About 10 years later, some smart people started questioning graceful degradation and found it to be inadequate on many levels. By focusing their efforts on content availability, overall accessibility, and the capabilities of mobile device browsers, they found a new approach to web development - one that puts content at the center of attention rather than just paying lip service to support for older devices.
At the 2003 SXSW conference, Steve Champeon and Nick Finck gave a talk called "Full-scale Web Design for the Future". In doing so, they revealed the blueprint for this new approach to Web development. Steve also gave it a name: Progressive Enhancement.
There’s a (subtle) difference here <br />If you’re scratching your head trying to figure out the difference between graceful degradation and progressive enhancement, it’s a matter of perspective. Both graceful degradation and progressive enhancement consider how well a web page works on a variety of browsers on a variety of devices. The key difference between the two lies in their respective focus and the impact of this focus on workflow.
A graceful degradation perspective <br />Graceful degradation focuses on building sites for the most advanced/capable browsers. Testing in browsers that are considered "old" or less capable is often delayed until the very end of the development cycle, and is usually limited to the last released version of the major browsers (IE, Mozzila, etc.).
In this mode, older browsers can only provide a poor, but passable experience. There may be some small patches to suit a specific browser, but these browsers are not the focus after all, and apart from fixing major bugs, no further efforts will be made.
The perspective of progressive enhancement <br />Progressive enhancement focuses on content. Note the difference: I didn’t even mention browsers.
Content is why we created websites in the first place. Some sites distribute content, some collect content, some request content, some manipulate content, and some do all of the above, yet they all need content. This is where incremental growth becomes a more appropriate model. That's why Yahoo! quickly adopted this model and used it to create the Graded Browser Support strategy.

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