In-depth explanation of nginx location priority

location expression type

~ indicates to perform a regular match, case-sensitive
~* means to perform a regular match, which is case insensitive
^~ means ordinary character matching. Use prefix matching. If the match is successful, no other locations will be matched.
= Performs an exact match of common characters. That is, an exact match.
@ "@" defines a named location, used for internal targeting, such as error_page, try_files

Location priority description

The order of locations in nginx's location and configuration does not matter much. The type of the location expression. For expressions of the same type, the one with a longer string will be matched first.

Here are the instructions in order of priority:

First priority: The equal sign type (=) has the highest priority. Once a match is found, no further matches are searched.
Second priority: ^~ type expressions. Once a match is found, no further matches are searched.
Third priority: Regular expression type (~ ~*) has the second highest priority. If there are multiple locations that match the regular expression, the one with the longest regular expression is used.
Fourth priority: regular string matching type. Match by prefix.

The location priority example configuration items are as follows:

location = / {
# Only matches requests /
[ configuration A ]
}

location / {
# Matches all requests starting with /. But if there is a longer expression of the same type, the longer expression is chosen. If there is a regular expression that can be matched, # will match the regular expression first.
[ configuration B ]
}

location /documents/ {
# Matches all requests starting with /documents/. But if there is a longer expression of the same type, the longer expression is chosen.
#If there is a regular expression that can be matched, the regular expression will be matched first.
[ configuration C ]
}

location ^~ /images/ {
# Match all expressions starting with /images/. If the match is successful, stop matching and searching. Therefore, even if there is a matching regular expression location, it will not be used [configuration D]
}

location ~* \.(gif|jpg|jpeg)$ {
# Match all requests ending with gif jpg jpeg. However, requests starting with /images/ will use Configuration D
[ configuration E ]
}

Request matching example

/ -> configuration A
/index.html -> configuration B
/documents/document.html -> configuration C
/images/1.gif -> configuration D
/documents/1.jpg -> configuration E

Note that the above matching has nothing to do with the order in which they are defined in the configuration file.

Summarize

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