Linux hardware configuration command example

  # uname -a # View kernel/operating system/CPU information# head -n 1 /etc/issue # View operating system version# cat /proc/cpuinfo # View CPU information# cat /proc/version # View operating system details# hostname # View computer name# lspci -tv # List all PCI devices# lsusb -tv # List all USB devices# lsmod # List loaded kernel modules# env # View environment variables

  # free -m # View memory usage and swap area usage# df -h # View the usage of each partition# du -sh <directory name> # View the size of the specified directory# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo # View the total memory# grep MemFree /proc/meminfo # View the amount of free memory# uptime # View system running time, number of users, and load# cat /proc/loadavg # View system load

  # mount | column -t # View the status of the mounted partition # fdisk -l # View all partitions # swapon -s # View all swap partitions # hdparm -i /dev/hda # View disk parameters (only for IDE devices)
  # dmesg | grep IDE # View the IDE device detection status at startup

  # ifconfig # View the properties of all network interfaces # iptables -L # View the firewall settings # route -n # View the routing table # netstat -lntp # View all listening ports # netstat -antp # View all established connections # netstat -s # View network statistics

  # ps -ef # View all processes # top # Display process status in real time

  # w # View active users # id <username> # View information about a specified user # last # View user login log # cut -d: -f1 /etc/passwd # View all system users # cut -d: -f1 /etc/group # View all system groups # crontab -l # View scheduled tasks for the current user

  # chkconfig --list # List all system services # chkconfig --list | grep on # List all started system services

  # rpm -qa # View all installed packages

# Total number of cores = number of physical CPUs x number of cores per physical CPU # Total number of logical CPUs = number of physical CPUs x number of cores per physical CPU x number of hyperthreads # View the number of physical CPUs cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "physical id" | sort | uniq | wc -l

# View the number of cores in each physical CPU (i.e. the number of cores)
cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "cpu cores"| uniq

# View the number of logical CPUs cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "processor" | wc -l


-- ===============================================
processor: The number of the logical processing core in the system. For a single-core processor, it is considered to be its CPU number. For a multi-core processor, it can be a physical core or a virtual logical core using hyperthreading technology. vendor_id: CPU manufacturer cpu family: CPU product series code model: the code name of the generation in the series to which the CPU belongs model name: the name of the CPU and its number, nominal main frequency stepping: the production update version of the CPU cpu MHz: the actual main frequency of the CPU cache size: the size of the CPU's secondary cache physical id: the label of a single CPU siblings: the number of logical physical cores of a single CPU core id: the number of the current physical core in the CPU where it is located, this number is not necessarily continuous cpu cores: the number of physical cores of the CPU where the logical core is located apicid: the number used to distinguish different logical cores. The number of each logical core in the system must be different, and this number is not necessarily continuous fpu: whether it has a floating point unit (Floating Point Unit)
fpu_exception: whether floating point calculation exceptions are supported cpuid level: the value in the eax register before executing the cpuid instruction. The cpuid instruction will return different contents depending on the value wp: indicates whether the current CPU supports write protection for user space in kernel mode.
flags: features supported by the current CPU bogomips: roughly calculated CPU speed when the system kernel is started (Million Instructions Per Second)
clflush size: the size of each cache refresh cache_alignment: cache address alignment unit address sizes: the number of bits of accessible address space

$cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 2052440 kB //Total memoryMemFree: 50004 kB //Free memoryBuffers: 19976 kB //Buffer size for filesCached: 436412 kB //Size used by cache memorySwapCached: 19864 kB //Swap space size used by cache memoryActive: 1144512 kB //Size of cache memory page file in active useInactive: 732788 kB //Size of cache memory page file infrequently usedActive(anon): 987640 kB //anon: soonInactive(anon): 572512 kB
Active(file): 156872 kB
Inactive(file): 160276 kB
Unevictable: 8 kB
Mlocked: 8 kB
HighTotal: 1177160 kB //The total and free amount of memory, in kilobytes, that is not directly mapped into kernel space.
HighFree: 7396 kB // The HighTotal value can vary based on the type of kernel used.
LowTotal: 875280 kB // The total and free amount of memory, in kilobytes, that is directly mapped into kernel space. used.
LowFree: 42608 kB //The LowTotal value can vary based on the type of kernel
SwapTotal: 489940 kB //Total swap space sizeSwapFree: 450328 kB //Free swap spaceDirty: 104 kB //Waiting to be written back to diskWriteback: 0 kB //Size being written backAnonPages: 1408256 kB //Size of unmapped pagesMapped: 131964 kB //Size of device and file mappingSlab: 37368 kB //Size of kernel data structure cache, which can reduce the consumption caused by applying for and releasing memorySReclaimable: 14164 kB //Size of reclaimable slabSUnreclaim: 23204 kB //Size of unreclaimable slab23204+14164=37368
PageTables: 13308 kB //The size of the index table for managing memory paging NFS_Unstable: 0 kB //The size of the unstable page table Bounce: 0 kB //bounce: return WritebackTmp: 0 kB //
CommitLimit: 1516160 kB
Committed_AS: 2511900 kB
VmallocTotal: 122880 kB //Virtual memory size VmallocUsed: 28688 kB //Virtual memory size already used VmallocChunk: 92204 kB
HugePages_Total: 0 // Allocation of large pages HugePages_Free: 0
HugePages_Rsvd: 0
HugePages_Surp: 0
Hugepagesize: 2048 kB
DirectMap4k: 10232 kB
DirectMap2M: 899072 kB