How to install and configure GitLab on Ubuntu 20.04

Install

Step 1 - Install Dependencies

Before we install GitLab ourselves, it is important to install some software that we will use throughout the installation process. Fortunately, all the required software can be easily installed from Ubuntu’s default package repositories.

Since this is our first time using apt during this session, we can refresh the local package index and then install the dependencies by typing:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install ca-certificates curl openssh-server postfix

You may already have some of this software installed. For the postfix installation, select "Internet Site" when prompted. On the next screen, enter the domain name of your server to configure how the system will send mail.

Step 2 - Install GitLab

cd /tmp
curl -LO https://packages.gitlab.com/install/repositories/gitlab/gitlab-ce/script.deb.sh

Feel free to examine the downloaded script to ensure you are satisfied with the desired operation. You can also find a hosted version of the script here:

less /tmp/script.deb.sh

Once you are satisfied with the security of the script, run the installer:

sudo bash /tmp/script.deb.sh

This script will set up your server to use repositories maintained by GitLab. This allows you to manage GitLab using the same package management tools as other system packages. Once that is complete, you can install the actual GitLab application using the following apt command:

sudo apt install gitlab-ce

This will install the necessary components on your system.

Precautions

If the following error is reported during the installation of the GitLab application, we can configure a domestic acceleration mirror.

Error message:

# apt-get install gitlab-ce
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package gitlab-ce

Modify the installation script

sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list.d/gitlab_gitlab-ce.list

OLD

deb https://packages.gitlab.com/gitlab/gitlab-ce/ubuntu/ focal main
deb-src https://packages.gitlab.com/gitlab/gitlab-ce/ubuntu/ focal main

NEW

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gitlab-ce/ubuntu focal main
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gitlab-ce/ubuntu focal main

Execute again

sudo apt update
sudo apt install gitlab-ce

Reference link: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-foss/-/issues/2370

Step 3 - Adjust Firewall Rules

Before configuring GitLab, you need to ensure that your firewall rules are permissive enough to allow web traffic. If you followed the guide linked in the prerequisites, you will have the ufw firewall enabled.

View the current status of the active firewall by typing:

sudo ufw status

Status: active

To Action From
-- ------ ----
80 ALLOW Anywhere         
22 ALLOW Anywhere         
80 (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)       
22 (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)

As you can see, the current rules allow SSH traffic to pass, but access to other services is restricted. Since GitLab is a web application, we should allow HTTP access. Because we will be leveraging GitLab's ability to request and enable free TLS/SSL certificates from Let's Encrypt, we will also allow HTTPS access.

Port mapping protocols for HTTP and HTTPS are available in the /etc/services file, so we can allow that traffic by name. If you haven't already enabled OpenSSH traffic, you should allow that now as well:

sudo ufw allow http
sudo ufw allow https
sudo ufw allow OpenSSH

Check ufw status again

Status: active

To Action From
-- ------ ----
80 ALLOW Anywhere         
22 ALLOW Anywhere         
80/tcp ALLOW Anywhere         
443/tcp ALLOW Anywhere         
OpenSSH ALLOW Anywhere         
80 (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)       
22 (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)       
80/tcp (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)       
443/tcp (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)       
OpenSSH (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)

Step 4 - Edit GitLab Configuration File

Before you can use the application, you need to update the configuration files and run the reconfigure command. First, open the Gitlab configuration file:

sudo vim /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb

Near the top is the external_url configuration line. Update it to match your domain. Change http to https so that GitLab will automatically redirect users to the site protected by the Let's Encrypt certificate:

GitLab URL
##! URL on which GitLab will be reachable.
##! For more details on configuring external_url see:
##! https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/configuration.html#configuring-the-external-url-for-gitlab
##!
##! Note: During installation/upgrades, the value of the environment variable
##! EXTERNAL_URL will be used to populate/replace this value.
##! On AWS EC2 instances, we also attempt to fetch the public hostname/IP
##! address from AWS. For more details, see:
##! https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/instancedata-data-retrieval.html
external_url 'https://example.com' // Change this to your domain name or IP address

Next, look for letsencrypt['contact_emails'] setting. This setting defines a list of email addresses that the Let's Encrypt project can use to contact you if there are issues with your domain. It's a good idea to uncomment and fill this in so that you're aware of any problems:

letsencrypt['contact_emails'] = ['[email protected]'] // Change this to your email address

Save and close the file. Run the following command to reconfigure Gitlab:

sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure

This will initialize GitLab using the information it can find about your server. This is a completely automated process, so you don't have to answer any prompts. This process will also configure a Let's Encrypt certificate for your domain.

sudo gitlab-ctl restart

Restart GitLab.

Attached are the commonly used commands of GitLab:

Step 5 - Perform initial configuration via the web interface

With GitLab running and accessible, we can perform some initial configuration of the application through the web interface.

Step 5 - First time login

Access the GitLab server's domain name in a web browser:

https://example.com // The address you configured in external_url

On your first visit, you should see an initial prompt to set a password for the administrative account. After changing the root administrator password, you can use it normally.

Step 6 - Conclusion

You should now have a working GitLab instance hosted on your own server. You can start importing or creating new projects and configure the appropriate access levels for your team. GitLab regularly adds features and makes updates to its platform, so be sure to check the project homepage to stay up to date on any improvements or important announcements.

GitLab starts automatically at boot

Set the GitLab startup command to

sudo systemctl enable gitlab-runsvdir.service

Disable GitLab startup command:

sudo systemctl disable gitlab-runsvdir.service

GitLab Email Configuration

The following uses QQ mailbox as an example

Step 1 - Enable the POP3/SMTP service of QQ mailbox and save the authorization code

This step is in the QQ mailbox settings -> account

Click Enable and follow the prompts to get the corresponding authorization code (Note: remember the authorization code for later use)

Step 2 - Modify the gitlab configuration file

sudo vim /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb

#Configure the email source and the displayed name gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_enabled'] = true
gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_from'] = 'Your QQ email address'
gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_display_name'] = 'Your email display name'

#smtp configuration gitlab_rails['smtp_enable'] = true
gitlab_rails['smtp_address'] = "smtp.qq.com"
gitlab_rails['smtp_port'] = 465
gitlab_rails['smtp_user_name'] = "your QQ email address"
gitlab_rails['smtp_password'] = "Your authorization code"
gitlab_rails['smtp_domain'] = "smtp.qq.com"
gitlab_rails['smtp_authentication'] = "login"
gitlab_rails['smtp_enable_starttls_auto'] = true
gitlab_rails['smtp_tls'] = true

Step 3 - Reload the configuration

sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure

Step 4 - Send a test email

sudo gitlab-rails console

#Enter the console and send an email Notify.test_email('test email address', 'email title', 'email body').deliver_now

Check your mailbox to see if you have received the email.

GitLab changes port

The default port of GitLab is 80. If we want to change it to port 9091, we need to modify the GitLab configuration file.

sudo vim /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb

Modify the following configuration

nginx['listen_port'] = 9091 // GitLab port, default port 80 unicorn['port'] = 9092 // Not modifiable, default listening port 8080

Reload Configuration

sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure

The modification is successful.

GitLab Pages Setup

Modify the gitlab configuration file

sudo vim /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb

Modify the following configuration

gitlab_pages['enable'] = true; Enable the Pages service pages_external_url 'your GitLab Pages domain name address'; Replace with your own domain name gitlab_pages['inplace_chroot'] = true; This must be enabled for Gitlab running as a Docker container pages_nginx['enable'] = true; Enable the vhost of the Pages service. When this option is enabled, an independent Nginx configuration file named gitlab-pages.conf will be generated in the /var/opt/gitlab/nginx/conf directory.
gitlab_pages['access_control'] = true enables Pages access control.

Reload Configuration

sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure

GitLab Runner configuration

Step 1 - Installation

Refer to the official website installation process: https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/install/linux-repository.html

Step 2 - Register

Refer to the official website registration process: https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/register/

Reference Links

How to Install and Configure GitLab on Ubuntu 18.04 - Cloud + Community - Tencent Cloud

Ubuntu Simple Installation and Configuration of GitLab - Cricket in the Fields - Blog Garden

Install gitlab domestic mirror acceleration in Ubuntu 18.04_Linux tutorial_Yunwangniu station

Ubuntu 18.04 replaces domestic high-speed source_Linux tutorial_Yunwangniu station

Gitlab changes the default port - Cloud + Community - Tencent Cloud

Ununtu16.04 Tutorial on Building GitLab Server - Zhihu

gitlab-runner | Mirror Site Help | Tsinghua University Open Source Software Mirror Site | Tsinghua Open Source Mirror

Start Gitlab Pages service - George

Download and install GitLab | GitLab

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