Nginx Location Configuration Tutorial from Scratch

Basics

The matching order of location is "match regular expression first, then match common expression".

The location matching order is actually "match common first, then match regular". The reason for the misunderstanding is that regular matching will override ordinary matching

Nginx location configuration syntax

1. location [ = | ~ | ~* | ^~ ] uri { ... }

2. location @name { ... }

There are two ways to configure location configuration

1. prefix + uri (string/regular expression)

2.@ + name

Prefix meaning

= : Exact match (must all be equal)

~ : case sensitive

~* : Ignore case

^~ : only match the uri part

@: Internal service jump

Location Basics

1.location is configured in the server block.

2. You can use different configurations (configured in location) according to different URIs to handle different requests.

3. Locations are ordered and will be processed by the first matching location.

Location configuration demo

1.=, exact match

  location = / {
   #rule}
  # It matches requests like `http://www.example.com/`.

2.~, case sensitive

  location ~ /Example/ {
    #rule}
  #Request example#http://www.example.com/Example/ [Success]
  #http://www.example.com/example/ [FAIL]

3.~*, case-insensitive

 location ~* /Example/ {
    #rule}
 # The case of the uri part will be ignored #http://www.example.com/Example/ [Success]
 #http://www.example.com/example/ [Success]

4.^~, only matches the string starting with uri

 location ^~ /img/ {
   #rule}
 #Requests starting with /img/ will match #upload/2022/web/a.jpg [Success]
 #http://www.example.com/img/b.mp4 [Success]

5.@, nginx internal jump

 location /img/ {
  error_page 404 @img_err;
 }
 
 location @img_err {
  # rule}
 #For requests starting with /img/, if the link status is 404. It will match the @img_err rule.

Summarize

The location in Nginx is not as difficult to understand as you might think, so don't be afraid. Find more information and try more. You will gain something.

refer to

• http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html#location
• Uniform Resource Identifier

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