Sample code for partitioning and formatting a disk larger than 20TB on centos6

1. Server environment configuration:

1. Check disk partitions:

Recently, a service in a project was migrated from a virtual machine to a physical machine. The service disk user created a raid with 2 3.8TB disks configured as Raid1 and then 6 3.8TB disks configured as Raid5. The 3.8TB space of sda used to install the operating system has been partitioned in raid1. The 3.8TB*6 disk sdb with a total of 20TB of space needs to be partitioned and mounted to the system for storage use. The steps are as follows:

1.1 Query and confirm the sdb status:

# fdisk -l
WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted.
Disk /dev/sda: 4000.2 GB, 4000225165312 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 486333 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

  Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 267350 2147483647+ ee GPT
Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.
WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted
Disk /dev/sdb: 20001.1 GB, 20001125826560 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2431665 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

  Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 267350 2147483647+ ee GPT
Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol00: 2531.7 GB, 2531690283008 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 307793 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol01: 1468.0 GB, 1468006400000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 178474 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

1.2, sdb disk partition:

# parted /dev/sdb
GNU Parted 2.1
Using /dev/sdb
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.                       
(parted) print #View the current partition Model: LSI MRSASRoMB-8i (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 20.0TB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt

Number Start End Size File system Name Flag (parted) mkpart primary 0% 100% # Divide all disk space into one partition (parted) print # Query the disk partition again Model: LSI MRSASRoMB-8i (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 20.0TB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt

Number Start End Size File system Name Flag 1 1049kB 20.0TB 20.0TB primary                                 
(parted) quit                               
Info: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

1.3. Correct formatting method:

a. The formatting cannot be performed using the mkfs command (as shown below). The inspection shows that mkfs.ext4 cannot format partitions larger than 16TB. The reason is that the e2fsprogs version of Centos6.10 is 1.41.12 and needs to be upgraded to version 1.42

mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1 #Cannot format like this

b. Upgrade the e2fsprogs version:

tar zvxf e2fsprogs-1.42.10.tar.gz 
cd e2fsprogs-1.42.10
mkdir build
cd build/
../configure 
make
make install ##If there are "ignore" errors, it's normal.

c. Query the sector size of the partition to be partitioned

# df -h
Disk /dev/sdb: 20001.1 GB, 20001125826560 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2431665 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

  Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 267350 2147483647+ ee GPT
Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.

d. The command to reformat the disk is as follows:

# mke2fs -O 64bit,has_journal,extents,huge_file,flex_bg,uninit_bg,dir_nlink,extra_isize -i 267350 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.42.10 (18-May-2014)

Warning: the fs_type huge is not defined in mke2fs.conf

Creating filesystem with 4883086848 4k blocks and 76298240 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 74dabc93-177b-4531-aab9-e55a1e2efe9d
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
  32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
  4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 
  102400000, 214990848, 512000000, 550731776, 644972544, 1934917632, 
  2560000000, 3855122432

Allocating group tables: Done Writing inode table: Done Creating journal (32768 blocks): Done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: Done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 34 mounts or ##180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

e. Solve the 180-day problem

# tune2fs -i 3650d /dev/sdb1
tune2fs 1.42.10 (18-May-2014)
Setting interval between checks to 315360000 seconds

#Confirm the time is correct# tune2fs -l /dev/sdb1
tune2fs 1.42.10 (18-May-2014)
Filesystem volume name: <none>
Last mounted on: <not available>
Filesystem UUID: 74dabc93-177b-4531-aab9-e55a1e2efe9d
Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53
Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic)
Filesystem features: has_journal ext_attr dir_index filetype extent 64bit flex_bg sparse_super huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize
Filesystem flags: signed_directory_hash 
Default mount options: user_xattr acl
Filesystem state: clean
Errors behavior: Continue
Filesystem OS type: Linux
Inode count: 76298240
Block count: 4883086848
Reserved block count: 244154342
Free blocks: 4877929145
Free inodes: 76298229
First block: 0
Block size: 4096
Fragment size: 4096
Group descriptor size: 64
Blocks per group: 32768
Fragments per group: 32768
Inodes per group: 512
Inode blocks per group: 32
Flex block group size: 16
Filesystem created: Fri Jun 5 17:08:54 2020
Last mount time: Fri Jun 5 17:14:34 2020
Last write time: Fri Jun 5 17:15:58 2020
Mount count: 1
Maximum mount count: 34
Last checked: Fri Jun 5 17:08:54 2020 ##Start time Check interval: 315360000 (121 months, 2 weeks, 6 days)
Next check after: Mon Jun 3 17:08:54 2030 ##Final timeLifetime writes: 349 MB
Reserved blocks uid: 0 (user root)
Reserved blocks gid: 0 (group root)
First inode: 11
Inode size: 256
Required extra size: 28
Desired extra size: 28
Journal inode: 8
Default directory hash: half_md4
Directory Hash Seed: 0f4e7ee0-4aec-41cf-b81a-7d5a4ed045c4
Journal backup: inode blocks

1.4. Mount the disk:

a. Mount the disk

# cd /
# mkdir data
# mount /dev/sdb1 /data
# df -Th
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol00
           ext4 2.3T 12G 2.2T 1% /
tmpfs tmpfs 32G 144K 32G 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 ext4 477M 41M 412M 9% /boot
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol01
           ext4 1.4T 70M 1.3T 1% /home
/dev/sdb1 ext4 19T 20K 18T 1% /data

b. Set the boot mount

Add the following line to the end of the file, paying attention to the actual file path.

vim /etc/fstab

/dev/sdb1 /data ext4 defaults 0 0

This concludes this article about the sample code for formatting partitions of a disk over 20TB on centos6. For more information on centos6 disk partition formatting, please search previous articles on 123WORDPRESS.COM or continue browsing the following related articles. I hope you will support 123WORDPRESS.COM in the future!

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