Detailed tutorial on migrating the home directory to a new partition under Ubuntu

When the user's home directory becomes larger and larger, you can consider migrating the home directory to a new partition. How to achieve it? Let me introduce it to you below.

When I installed the system, I followed the online tutorial and allocated 20G space to the /home partition. After using Ubuntu for a while, I found that the disk where /home is located is about to be full, but there is no space to expand the disks where the /home directory is located. I had no choice but to "move". The following is the whole "moving" process:

First, you need a completely blank disk as the target disk and a USB boot disk, and format it with the disk partitioning software that comes with the Ubuntu system.
Disk to start the Ubuntu system.

Mount the target disk (mine is /dev/sda9) to any directory (assuming it is /test)

sudo mount /dev/sda5 /test

Copy all files in the home directory to the directory mounted on the target disk ( Be sure to add -a here, otherwise the owner of the copied file will become root, and the path must be set correctly, otherwise it will cause an infinite loop on the login interface when restarting and you will not be able to enter the graphical interface. ）

sudo cp -ar home所在的目錄/* /test

Enter the original system /etc directory and modify the fstab file (note that the fstab file of the original system should be modified, not the fstab file of the boot disk system)

Back up first (backup is a good habit)

sudo cp -a fstab fstab.old

View the uuid of the target disk:

sudo blkid | grep /dev/sda5

Edit the fstab file. The two orange lines in the figure below are where the home directory is mounted. Replace the uuid in the file with the uuid found in the previous step.

sudo gedit fstab

Restart and find that the home directory has changed

Summarize

It is not advisable to blindly copy the methods on the Internet, especially when modifying important system files. Sometimes a wrong command may cause the system to crash. You should develop the habit of backing up files before modifying them, so that you will have room for regret after making mistakes. Try not to reinstall the system as soon as a problem occurs, as it will not solve any problems.

———A newbie who has just started using Linux for more than a week

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