Two-hour introductory Docker tutorial

# Install Docker
yum install docker
# Start Docker 
systemctl start/status docker 
# View docker startup status docker version 

# One command to speed up (remember to restart docker)
curl -sSL https://get.daocloud.io/daotools/set_mirror.sh | sh -s http://95822026.m.daocloud.io

Usage:
docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND [arg...]

  docker daemon [ --help | ... ]

  docker [ --help | -v | --version ]

 

A
A self-sufficient runtime for containers.

 

Options:

 

 --config=~/.docker Location of client config files #Location of client config files -D, --debug=false Enable debug mode #Enable Debug debugging mode -H, --host=[] Daemon socket(s) to connect to #Socket connection of daemon process -h, --help=false Print usage #Print usage -l, --log-level=info Set the logging level #Set the log level --tls=false Use TLS; implied by--tlsverify #

 --tlscacert=~/.docker/ca.pem Trust certs signed only by this CA #Trust certificate signing CA

 --tlscert=~/.docker/cert.pem Path to TLS certificate file #TLS certificate file path --tlskey=~/.docker/key.pem Path to TLS key file #TLS key file path --tlsverify=false Use TLS and verify the remote #Use TLS to verify the remote -v, --version=false Print version information and quit #Print version information and quit Commands:

 attach Attach to a running container #Attach to a specified running image in the current shellbuild Build an image from a Dockerfile #Customize the image through Dockerfilecommit Create a new image from a container's changes #Submit the current container as a new imagecp Copy files/folders from a container to a HOSTDIR or to STDOUT #Copy specified files or directories from the container to the hostcreate Create a new container #Create a new container, the same as run but without starting the containerdiff Inspect changes on a container's filesystem #View Docker container changesevents Get real time events from the server#Get container real-time events from Docker serviceexec Run a command in a running container#Run commands on an existing containerexport Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive #Export the content stream of the container as a tar archive file (corresponding to import)

 history Show the history of an image #Show the history of an image images List images #List the current images of the system import Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image #Create a new file system image from the contents of the tarball (corresponding to export)

 info Display system-wide information #Display system-related information inspect Return low-level information on a container or image #View container details kill Kill a running container #kill a specified docker container load Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN #Load an image from a tar archive (corresponding to save)

 login Register or log in to a Docker registry#Register or log in to a Docker source serverlogout Log out from a Docker registry #Exit from the current Docker registrylogs Fetch the logs of a container #Output the current container log informationpause Pause all processes within a container#Pause containerport List port mappings or a specific mapping for the CONTAINER #View the container internal source port corresponding to the mapped portps List containers #List container listpull Pull an image or a repository from a registry #Pull the specified image or library image from the Docker image source serverpush Push an image or a repository to a registry #Push the specified image or library image to the Docker source serverrename Rename a container #Rename the containerrestart Restart a running container #Restart a running containerrm Remove one or more containers #Remove one or more containersrmi Remove one or more images #Remove one or more images (no container using the image can be deleted, otherwise you need to delete the relevant container to continue or -f force deletion)

 run Run a command in a new container #Create a new container and run a command save Save an image(s) to a tar archive #Save an image as a tar archive (corresponding to load)

 search Search the Docker Hub for images #indocker
Search for images in the hubstart Start one or more stopped containersstats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statisticsstop Stop a running containertag Tag an image into a repositorytop Display the running processes of a containerunpause Unpause all processes within a containerversion Show the Docker version informationwait Block until a container stops, then print its exit codeRun 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

docker search hello-docker # Search for hello-docker imagesdocker search centos # Search for centos imagesdocker pull hello-docker # Get centos imagesdocker run hello-world #Run a docker image to generate a container instance (you can also run it by the first three digits of the image id)
docker image ls # View all local images docker images # View docker images docker image rmi hello-docker # Delete centos images docker ps # List running containers (if no process is running in the created container, the container will stop immediately)
docker ps -a # List all running container recordsdocker save centos > /opt/centos.tar.gz # Export docker image to localdocker load < /opt/centos.tar.gz #Import local image to docker image librarydocker stop `docker ps -aq` # Stop all running containersdocker rm `docker ps -aq` # Delete all container records at oncedocker rmi `docker images -aq` # Delete all local image records at once

# 1. Run a docker in the background
docker run -d centos /bin/sh -c "while true;do echo is running; sleep 1;done"
 # -d Run the container in the background# /bin/sh specifies the use of centos bash interpreter# -c Run a shell command# "while true;do echo is running; sleep 1;done" In the linux background, print once a second that it is runningdocker ps # Check the container processdocker logs -f container id/name# Continuously print the log information of the containerdocker stop centos # Stop the container# 2. Start a bash terminal and allow users to interactdocker run --name mydocker -it centos /bin/bash 
 # --name defines a name for the container# -i keeps the container's standard input open# -t lets Docker allocate a pseudo terminal and bind it to the container's standard input# /bin/bash specifies the docker container and interacts with the shell interpreter

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a # First query the record CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
ee92fcf6f32d centos "/bin/bash" 4 days ago Exited (137) 3 days ago kickass_raman

[root@localhost ~]# docker start ee9 # Start this container ee9 again

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it ee9 /bin/bash # Enter the container interactive interface [root@ee92fcf6f32d /]# # Pay attention to the username, which has become the container username

# 1. We enter the interactive centos container and find that there is no vim command docker run -it centos
# 2.Install a vim in the current container
 yum install -y vim
# 3. After installing vim, exit the container exit
# 4. Check the container record of vim just installed docker container ls -a
# 5. Submit this container and create a new image
 docker commit 059fdea031ba chaoyu/centos-vim
# 6. View the image file docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
chaoyu/centos-vim latest fd2685ae25fe 5 minutes ago 348MB

docker run -d -P training/webapp python app.py
 # The -P parameter will randomly map ports to the network ports opened by the container # Check the mapped ports docker ps -l
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
cfd632821d7a training/webapp "python app.py" 21 seconds ago Up 20 seconds 0.0.0.0:32768->5000/tcp brave_fermi
#Host ip:32768 maps the container's port 5000 # View container log information docker logs -f cfd # #Display logs continuously

# You can also use the -p parameter to specify the mapping port docker run -d -p 9000:5000 training/webapp python app.py

FROM scratch #Make a base image. Try to use the official image as the base image.
FROM centos #Use base image
FROM ubuntu:14.04 #base image with tag

LABEL version="1.0" #Container metadata, help information, Metadata, similar to code comments LABEL maintainer="[email protected]"

#For complex RUN commands, avoid useless layering, use backslashes to wrap multiple commands and combine them into one command!
RUN yum update && yum install -y vim \
 Python-dev #backslash newline RUN /bin/bash -c "source $HOME/.bashrc;echo $HOME"

WORKDIR /root #Equivalent to the linux cd command, change directory, try to use absolute path! ! ! Don't use RUN cd
WORKDIR /test # Automatically create WORKDIR demo if it does not exist # Enter the demo folder RUN pwd # The print result should be /test/demo

ADD and COPY 
ADD hello / # Add local files to the image and copy the local hello executable file to the / directory of the image ADD test.tar.gz / # Add to the root directory and unzip WORKDIR /root
ADD hello test/ # Enter /root/ Add the hello executable command to the test directory, which is /root/test/hello An absolute path COPY hello test/ # Equivalent to the above ADD effect ADD and COPY
 - Use COPY command first - ADD has decompression function in addition to COPY function. Use curl or wget to add remote files/directories

ENV # Environment variable, use ENV to increase maintainability whenever possible ENV MYSQL_VERSION 5.6 # Set a mysql constant RUN yum install -y mysql-server="${MYSQL_VERSION}"


# After registering the docker id, log in to dockerhub in linux
 docker login

# Make sure the image tag is the account name. If the image name is incorrect, you need to change the tag.
 docker tag chaoyu/centos-vim peng104/centos-vim
 # The syntax is: docker tag warehouse name peng104/warehouse name # Push the docker image to dockerhub
 docker push peng104/centps-cmd-exec:latest

# Go to dockerhub to check the image # Delete the local image first, then test downloading the pull image file docker pull peng104/centos-entrypoint-exec

# 1. Download a docker official private warehouse image docker pull registry
# 2. Run a docker private container repository docker run -d -p 5000:5000 -v /opt/data/registry:/var/lib/registry registry
 -d background run -p port mapping host machine 5000: container 5000
 -v data volume mounts the host's /opt/data/registry:/var/lib/registry 
 registry image name /var/lib/registry storage location of private warehouse # Docker does not allow non-HTTPS push of images by default. We can remove this limitation through Docker configuration options# 3. Modify the Docker configuration file to support http mode and upload private images vim /etc/docker/daemon.json 
 # Write the following content {
  "registry-mirrors": ["http://f1361db2.m.daocloud.io"],
  "insecure-registries":["192.168.11.37:5000"]
 }
# 4. Modify the docker service configuration file vim /lib/systemd/system/docker.service
# Find the code block [service] and write the following parameters [Service]
 EnvironmentFile=-/etc/docker/daemon.json
# 5. Reload the docker service systemctl daemon-reload
# 6. Restart the docker service systemctl restart docker
 # Note: If you restart the docker service, all containers will crash. # 7. Modify the tag of the local image and push it to your own private repository. docker tag docker.io/peng104/hello-world-docker 192.168.11.37:5000/peng-hello
 # Browser access http://192.168.119.10:5000/v2/_catalog to view the warehouse# 8. Download the private warehouse image docker pull 192.168.11.37:5000/peng-hello

# 1. Prepare the flask program of app.py [root@localhost ~]# cat app.py
 from flask import Flask
 app = Flask(__name__)
 @app.route('/')
 def hello():
  return "hello docker"
 if __name__=="__main__":
  app.run(host='0.0.0.0',port=8080)
 [root@master home]# ls
 app.py Dockerfile

# 2. Write Dockerfile
 [root@localhost ~]# cat Dockerfile
 FROM python:2.7
 LABEL maintainer="Warm and New"
 RUN pip install flask
 COPY app.py /app/
 WORKDIR /app
 EXPOSE 8080
 CMD ["python","app.py"]

# 3. Build the image, find the Dockerfile in the current directory, and start building docker build -t peng104/flask-hello-docker .

# 4. View the created images
 docker image ls

# 5. Start this flask-hello-docker container and map a port for external access docker run -d -p 8080:8080 peng104/flask-hello-docker

# 6. Check the running container docker container ls

# 7. Push this image to the private repository docker tag peng104/flask-hello-docker 192.168.11.37:5000/peng-flaskweb
 docker push 192.168.11.37:5000/peng-flaskweb