Detailed tutorial on installing VirtualBox and Ubuntu 16.04 under Windows system

1. Software Introduction

VirtualBox

VirtualBox is a free open source virtual machine software. The so-called virtual machine software is able to provide various simulated hardware environments and install various operating systems on them. It currently supports Window, Linux, and Mac OS X. The download address can be clicked here. After clicking the link, because you want to install it under Windows, you can refer to the following and directly click the link in the red box to download the widnow version of VirtualBox

After downloading, just double-click to open it. Just keep clicking Next to install it, similar to the graphic steps below.

Ubuntu

Ubuntu, called "Ubantu" in Chinese, is an open source Linux operating system developed based on the Linux kernel and supports x86, amd64 (ie x64) and ppc architectures. The download address can be clicked here. After opening the link above, you can see the following link

We are downloading the 16.04 version here. The three links marked with red boxes above are all for downloading the 16.04 version. It is possible that you still cannot download it by clicking the first link. You may need to climb over the firewall. At this time, you can try the second or third link. Choose according to the number of CPU bits supported by your computer. Most computers now directly support 64-bit. If you click the third link, you will enter the following page

Search for china and click any of the links below to complete the download. The downloaded file is in an .iso format and cannot be opened by double-clicking it. The following will tell you how to install Ubuntu.

2. Actual operation

Enable VirtualBox support for 64-bit systems

Although some computers support 64-bit, 64-bit support for VirtualBox is not enabled by default, so you need to turn on Virtualization in Bios. You can refer to here.

Install Ubuntu into VirtualBox

Double-click to open the VirtualBox you just installed, and then click "New"

Pay attention to the red framed part in the above picture, and set it according to the actual situation. The default memory setting should not exceed half of your computer's memory. The file size is the size of the virtual machine you created, which will be used to store various files. Usually 10-20GB is enough. After the creation is complete, click Finish, then return to the VirtualBox interface and double-click the virtual machine you just created.

Click on the blue box on the right side of the pop-up window

Select the Ubuntu file you just downloaded

After that, the Ubuntu installation process will begin. Just refer to the screenshots below and follow them step by step:

Here you need to configure the username and password for Ubuntu. Then click Continue. The following process will take a little longer due to network problems. Please be patient.

Finally, click "Restart Now" in the pop-up window.

So far, the Ubuntu installation process is basically completed.

Ubuntu installs enhancement tools and starts seamless mode

The so-called enhancement tools can provide some very convenient functions to facilitate the communication between the host system and the virtual machine, such as the seamless interface display, file sharing, shared clipboard and other functions to be discussed below. We can open the Ubuntu virtual machine we just installed, and then click Device-Install Enhancement Tool in the menu above:

Enter the username and password you set during installation here

After the installation is complete, click View-Seamless Mode in the menu, and then you can drag the window at will. The window will automatically scale to ensure that the content inside is displayed normally without compression or deformation.

Implement file sharing between Ubuntu and Windows

Return to the main interface of VirtualBox, select the Ubuntu virtual machine you just created, and then click "Settings" on the right.

Then choose to create a shared folder by following the instructions above.

After that, open Ubuntu and you can see the shared folder you just created. Create a file in it, and then go back to window and you can see the file you just created.

Ubuntu sets up a shared pasteboard, drag and drop

Refer to the screenshot below and select Device-Shared Clipboard-Two-way in the menu. This will enable the shared clipboard function of Window and Ubuntu.

Here I want to say that if you configure the shared folder according to the above steps, and you get an error message when accessing the shared folder in the virtual machine: No access rights. Please follow the steps below:

(1) Execute the following command:

sudo usermod -aG vboxsf test

The meaning of this instruction is:

usermod -aG <group> <user>

Add user <user> to (append to) group <group>, where option [-aG] means append to group.

(2) Restart the virtual machine system

Then enter the system, and the shared folder can be used normally.

Implementing Ubuntu Internet access function

Usually, after installing the virtual machine according to the above steps, Ubuntu can directly access the Internet. If it doesn't work, you can refer to the screenshot below, open Settings, then select Network, and see if the configuration of Network Card 2 is as shown in the figure.

3. Commonly used Linux commands and tools

terminal

Since the most powerful part of Ubuntu is that it can execute various commands to help improve work efficiency, where can we execute various commands? We need the terminal software. You can refer to the screenshot below, click the icon in the upper left corner, and then enter the word ter to search for the terminal.

Common Linux commands

Mainly some very frequently used commands

File operation commands

cd, ls, touch, mkdir, cp, mv, gedit, pwd

File permission commands

sudo chmod

Vim

Text editing tool

For detailed operations, please refer to here

Summarize

The above is a detailed tutorial on how to install VirtualBox and Ubuntu 16.04 under Windows system. I hope it will be helpful to you. If you have any questions, please leave me a message and I will reply to you in time. I would also like to thank everyone for their support of the 123WORDPRESS.COM website!
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