Summary and analysis of commonly used Docker commands and examples

1. Container lifecycle management

(1) docker run

Command Description
Create a new container and run a command syntax

docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG…]

OPTIONS description:

-a stdin: specifies the standard input and output content type, and can choose STDIN/STDOUT/STDERR;
-d: Run the container in the background and return the container ID;
-i: Run the container in interactive mode, usually used with -t;
-P: Random port mapping, the internal port of the container is randomly mapped to the port of the host -p: Specify port mapping, the format is: host port: container port -t: Reallocate a pseudo input terminal for the container, usually used with -i;
--name="nginx-lb": Specify a name for the container;
--dns 8.8.8.8: specifies the DNS server used by the container, which is the same as the host by default;
--dns-search example.com: specifies the container DNS search domain name, which is the same as the host by default;
-h "mars": specifies the hostname of the container;
-e username="ritchie": set environment variables;
--env-file=[]: Read environment variables from the specified file;
--cpuset="0-2" or --cpuset="0,1,2": bind the container to the specified CPU to run;
-m: Set the maximum memory usage of the container;
--net="bridge": specifies the network connection type of the container, supporting four types: bridge/host/none/container;
--link=[]: add a link to another container;
--expose=[]: open a port or a group of ports;
--volume , -v: bind a volume

Common Examples

Use the Docker image fate:latest to start a container in background mode and name the container myfate.

docker run --name myfate -d fate:latest

Use the image fate:latest to start a container in background mode and map port 80 of the container to a random port on the host.

docker run -P -d fate:latest

Use the image fate:latest to start a container in background mode, map port 80 of the container to port 80 of the host, and map the directory /data of the host to /data of the container.

docker run -p 80:80 -v /data:/data -d fate:latest

Bind the container's port 8080 and map it to port 80 on the local host 127.0.0.1.

$ docker run -p 127.0.0.1:80:8080/tcp ubuntu bash

Use the image fate:latest to start a container in interactive mode and execute the /bin/bash command in the container.

wh@wh-pc:~$ docker run -it fate:latest /bin/bash
root@b8573233d675:/# 

(2) start/stop/restart

Command Explanation:
docker start : Start one or more stopped containers
docker stop : Stop a running container
docker restart : How to restart the container:
Start the stopped container myfate

docker start myfate

Stop the running container myfate

docker stop myfate

Restart the container myfate

docker restart myfate

(3) docker kill

Command Description
Kill a running container.
Examples
Kill the running container myfate

wh@wh-pc:~$ docker kill -s KILL myfate

(4) docker rm

Command Description
Delete one or more containers Syntax

docker rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER…]

OPTIONS description:

-f : Forcefully delete a running container via the SIGKILL signal.
-l : Remove network connections between containers, not the containers themselves.
-v : Delete the volume associated with the container.

Common Examples

Forcefully delete containers fate01 and fate02:

docker rm -f fate01 fate02

Remove the connection from container fate01 to container fate02, the connection name is db:

docker rm -l db 

Delete the fate container and the data volume mounted on it:

docker rm -v fate

Delete all stopped containers:

docker rm $(docker ps -a -q)

Kill all running containers

docker kill $(docker ps -a -q)

Delete all stopped containers

docker rm $(docker ps -a -q)

Delete all images without the dangling tag

docker rmi $(docker images -q -f dangling=true)

Delete the specified image by the image ID

docker rmi <image id>

Delete all images

docker rmi $(docker images -q)

(5) pause/unpause

Command Description
docker pause : Pause all processes in the container.
docker unpause : Resume all processes in the container.
grammar

docker pause CONTAINER [CONTAINER ...]
docker unpause CONTAINER [CONTAINER ...]

The common instance suspends the database container fate from providing services.

docker pause fate

Resume the fate database container to provide services.

docker unpause fate

(6) create

Command Description
docker create : Create a new container but do not start it. Same usage as docker run
grammar

docker create [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG…]
Same syntax as docker run

Common examples use the Docker image fate:latest to create a container and name the container myfate

wh@wh-pc:~$ docker create --name myfate fate:latest      

(7) docker exec

Command Description Execute command in a running container Syntax

docker exec [OPTIONS] CONTAINER COMMAND [ARG…]

OPTIONS description:
-d : Detached mode: run in the background
-i : Keep STDIN open even if not attached
-t : allocate a pseudo terminal common instance to execute the /root/init.sh script in the container in interactive mode in the myfate container:

wh@wh-pc:~$ docker exec -it myfate /bin/sh /root/runoob.sh

Open an interactive terminal in the fate container:

wh@:~$ docker exec -i -t myfate /bin/bash

You can also use the docker ps -a command to view the running container and then enter the container using the container ID.
View the ID of the container that is already running:

# docker ps -a 
...
9df70f9a0714 openjdk "/usercode/script.sh…" 
...

The 9df70f9a0714 in the first column is the container ID.
Execute bash in the specified container through the exec command:

# docker exec -it 9df70f9a0714 /bin/bash

(8) docker ps

Command Description List Containers Syntax

docker ps [OPTIONS]

OPTIONS description:
-a : Display all containers, including those that are not running.
-f : Filter the displayed content according to the conditions.
–format : Specify the template file for the return value.
-l : Display recently created containers.
-n : List the n most recently created containers.
–no-trunc : Do not truncate output.
-q : Silent mode, only display the container number.
-s : Display the total file size.
Common instances list all running container information.

wh@wh-pc:~$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND ... PORTS NAMES
09b93464c2f7 fate:latest "fate -g 'daemon off" ... 80/tcp, 443/tcp myfate
96f7f14e99ab mysql:5.6 "docker-entrypoint.sh" ... 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp mymysql

Output details:
CONTAINER ID : Container ID.
IMAGE : The image to use.
COMMAND : The command to run when starting the container.
CREATED : The time when the container was created.
STATUS : The container status.

There are 7 states:

created

restarting

running

removing

paused

exited

dead

PORTS : The container's port information and the connection type used (tcp\udp).
NAMES : Automatically assigned container names.

List the information of the five most recently created containers.

wh@whpc:~$ docker ps -n 5
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED           
09b93464c2f7 fate:latest "fate -g 'daemon off" 2 days ago ...     
b8573233d675 fate:latest "/bin/bash" 2 days ago ...     
b1a0703e41e7 fate:latest "fate -g 'daemon off" 2 days ago ...    
f46fb1dec520 5c6e1090e771 "/bin/sh -c 'set -x \t" 2 days ago ...   
a63b4a5597de 860c279d2fec "bash" 2 days ago ..

Filter by tags

$ docker run -d --name=test-nginx --label color=blue nginx
$ docker ps --filter "label=color"
$ docker ps --filter "label=color=blue"

Filter by name

$ docker ps --filter "name=test-nginx"

Filter by status

$ docker ps -a --filter 'exited=0'
$ docker ps --filter status=running
$ docker ps --filter status=paused

Filter by image

#Image name$ docker ps --filter ancestor=nginx
#Image ID
$ docker ps --filter ancestor=d0e008c6cf02

Filter by startup order

$ docker ps -f before=9c3527ed70ce
$ docker ps -f since=6e63f6ff38b0

(9) docker inspect

Command Description
docker inspect : Get metadata of a container/image.
grammar

docker inspect [OPTIONS] NAME|ID [NAME|ID…]

OPTIONS description:
-f : Specify the template file for the return value.
-s : Display the total file size.
–type : Return JSON for the specified type.

Common examples get the metadata of the image fate:1.6.

wh@wh-pc:~$ docker inspect fate:1.6
[
    {
        "Id": "sha256:2c0964ec182ae9a045f866bbc2553087f6e42bfc16074a74fb820af235f070ec",
        "RepoTags": [
            "fate:1.6"
        ],
        "RepoDigests": [],
        "Parent": "",
        "Comment": "",
        "Created": "2016-05-24T04:01:41.168371815Z",
        "Container": "e0924bc460ff97787f34610115e9363e6363b30b8efa406e28eb495ab199ca54",
        "ContainerConfig": {
            "Hostname": "b0cf605c7757",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": false,
            "AttachStdout": false,
            "AttachStderr": false,
            "ExposedPorts": {
                "3306/tcp": {}
            },
...

Get the IP of the running container mymysql.

wh@wh-pc:~$ docker inspect --format='{{range .NetworkSettings.Networks}}{{.IPAddress}}{{end}}' myfate
192.17.0.3

(10) top

Command Description View the process information running in the container. Supports ps command parameters.
Common Examples

wh@wh-pc:~/mysql$ docker top mysql
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
999 40347 40331 18 00:58 ? 00:00:02 mysqld

The above is the detailed content of the commonly used Docker commands and examples. For more information about Docker commands and examples, please pay attention to other related articles on 123WORDPRESS.COM!